FIGURE 1.

Estimated WMH progression and cognitive change over time by sex. (A) Males have more WMH volume than females in occipital regions, and this difference increases over time indicating a greater progression of WMH accumulation over time (note use of log scale for volume). Males have less WMH volume than females in deep WMH, and this difference increases with time. (B) In all plots, females have a steeper slope than males indicating a stronger relationship between cognitive test scores and WMH volume. It should be noted that in all cognitive domains except RAVLT‐ immediate, higher values represent lower performance. Notes: CDR‐SB, Clinical Dementia Rating – Sum of Boxes; FAQ, Functional Activities Questionnaire; PV, periventricular; RAVLT, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test; TMT‐B, Trail Making Test – Part B; WMH, white matter hyperintensity