TABLE 1.
Baseline characteristics of AgeWell.de study participants.
| Intervention (n = 378) | Control (n = 441) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | Raw values | z scores a | Raw values | z scores a |
| Sociodemographic characteristics | ||||
| Age in years | 69.1 (4.9) | – | 69.0 (4.9) | – |
| Female sex, n (%) | 199 (52.7) | – | 234 (53.1) | – |
| Education, n (%) | ||||
| Low | 83 (18.8) | – | 98 (25.9) | – |
| Intermediate | 238 (54.0) | – | 196 (51.9) | – |
| High | 120 (27.2) | – | 84 (22.2) | – |
| Primary outcome | ||||
| Cognitive performance (composite score) | −0.009 (0.568) | −0.004 (0.974) | −0.005 (0.594) | 0.003 (1.021) |
| Secondary outcomes | ||||
| ADL | 0.963 (0.189) | – | 0.961 (0.193) | – |
| IADL | 67.26 (3.20) | –0.054 (0.948) | 67.31 (3.39) | 0.046 (1.039) |
| Quality of life | 74.51 (10.57) | 0.066 (0.961) | 73.12 (10.93) | –0.058 (1.025) |
| Health‐related quality of life | 78.27 (14.93) | 0.090 (0.964) | 75.63 (16.02) | –0.078 (1.024) |
| Depressive symptoms | 1.484 (1.859) | – | 1.493 (1.849) | – |
| Social inclusion | 17.78 (5.47) | 0.056 (0.979) | 17.20 (5.68) | –0.047 (1.012) |
Notes: Data are mean (SD), except when indicated otherwise.
Abbreviations: ADL, activities of daily living (dichotomized score); IADL, instrumental activities of daily living; SD, standard deviation.
a
z scores were standardized to baseline mean and SD, with higher values indicating better performance.