Table 5.

Determinants of mortality among patients treated with meropenem

	Crude b	Crude OR (95% CI)	P-value	Adj. b	Adj. OR (95% CI)	P-value
Age, years old	0.02	1.02 (1.01, 1.03)	0.005
Gender
Female	0	1
Male	−0.22	0.80 (0.52, 1.24)	0.321
Ethnicity
Malay	0	1
Chinese	0.68	1.96 (0.80, 4.81)	0.140
APACHE score	0.27	1.31 (1.23, 1.40)	< 0.001	0.19	1.21 (1.12, 1.30)	< 0.001
SOFA score	0.39	1.48 (1.34, 1.64)	< 0.001	0.21	1.23 (1.08, 1.41)	< 0.002
Comorbidity
Hypertension	0.51	1.67 (1.08, 2.57)	0.021
Diabetes	0.55	1.72 (1.13, 2.63)	0.011
Chronic kidney disease	0.93	2.53 (1.49, 4.30)	0.001
Chronic lung disease	1.16	3.20 (1.44, 7.09)	0.004
Stroke	0.62	1.85 (0.94, 3.67)	0.077
Dyslipidaemia	0.57	1.77 (1.11, 2.82)	0.017
Advanced cancer	0.42	1.52 (0.79, 2.91)	0.210
Discipline
Medical	0	1
Surgical	−0.73	0.48 (0.32, 0.74)	0.001
Source of admission
Operating theatre	0	1
Emergency department	1.01	2.72 (1.46, 5.08)	0.002
Ward	0.55	1.73 (1.09, 2.77)	0.021
Time of antibiotic started
≤ 72 h	0	1		0	1
> 72 h	1.85	6.34 (2.13, 18.88)	0.001	1.85	6.38 (1.67, 24.50)	0.007
Duration of antibiotics
< 5 days	0	1		0	1
≥ 5 days	−2.82	0.06 (0.02, 0.20)	< 0.001	−3.40	0.03 (0.01, 0.14)	< 0.001
Types of meropenem treatment
Loading + Renal adjustment + Combination therapy	0	1		0	1
Loading + Combination / Monotherapy	−1.59	0.20 (0.11, 0.37)	< 0.001	−1.22	0.30 (0.14, 0.64)	0.002

Notes: Forward LR method of variable selection was applied. Hosmer-Lemeshow test χ²(8) = 7.12, P = 0.521; Classification table overall percentage correct = 81.4%; AUROC = 87.1% (95% CI: 83.5, 90.8).

Summary: Multiple logistic regression analysis reveals that the APACHE score, SOFA score, time of initiation of antibiotics, duration of antibiotics and types of meropenem treatment the independent predictors for mortality among patients treated with meropenem