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. 2024 Mar 6;6(1):21. doi: 10.1007/s42773-024-00309-2

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2

The effect sizes of biochar addition on the 28-day compressive strength of Portland cement composites, as affected by the feedstock used for biochar production, pyrolysis temperature, pyrolysis residence time, pyrolysis heating rate, and biochar modification and pre-treatment. Each point represents effect sizes, and the size of the point represents the relative number of records compared to the total records. Grey bars represent 95CI. The vertical dash line represents the value of 0. The numbers of records are indicated in the brackets