Table 4.

Associations between Structural Sexism and Preventive Health Care Use among Men, Odds Ratios

	Visited a doctor in past year	Has a personal doctor	Flu shot in past year	Ever had a sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy	Ever tested for HIV	Visited dentist in past year	Ever had a PSA test
Structural sexism	0.98	0.91*	1.02	0.93**	0.85***	1.00	1.06**
Age	1.04***	1.05***	1.03***	1.06***	0.98***	1.01***	1.09***
Race (ref: White)
Black	1.79***	1.07*	0.90***	1.15***	3.02***	0.94**	1.45***
AIAN	1.26***	0.79***	1.00	0.71***	1.75***	0.99	0.76***
Asian	1.32***	1.05	1.40***	0.58***	0.51***	0.82***	0.51***
NHPI	1.33**	1.21	1.08	0.71*	0.84	0.80*	0.59***
Other race	0.93	0.72***	0.80**	0.76**	1.67***	0.89	0.82*
Multiracial	1.06	0.93	1.02	0.94	1.58***	0.79***	0.83**
Hispanic	1.25***	0.79***	1.12***	0.86***	1.23***	1.28***	0.99
Education (ref: <HS)
High school degree	1.15***	1.29***	0.99	1.36***	1.07*	1.39***	1.46***
Some college	1.22***	1.46***	1.16***	1.78***	1.38***	1.67***	1.92***
College degree	1.20***	1.58***	1.69***	2.22***	1.49***	2.43***	2.43***
Married/in a couple	1.07***	1.20***	1.12***	1.40***	0.75***	1.19***	1.27***
Income	1.00***	1.00***	1.00***	1.00***	1.00	1.00***	1.00***
Insurance	3.66***	4.27***	2.58***	2.75***	1.07**	2.03***	1.82***
Parent	0.87***	0.97*	0.94***	0.67***	1.29***	0.90***	0.61***
Self-rated health	0.83***	0.88***	0.92***	0.91***	0.89***	1.21***	1.01
Intercept	0.18***	0.16*	0.09***	0.02***	0.44	0.13***	0.0005***
Level 2 variance (SE)	0.03*** (0.01)	0.08*** (0.02)	0.03*** (0.01)	0.03*** (0.01)	0.03*** (0.01)	0.01*** (0.003)	0.01*** (0.003)
N	158,644	159,469	155,392	95,317	146,983	159,048	110839

^*all models control for state-level measures of poverty rate, Gini coefficient, racial composition, and southern region

^***p<0.001

^**p<0.01

^*p<0.05