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. 2024 Mar 6;15:2060. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-46341-5

Fig. 6. Differences in Policy Support between Global North and Global South, assessed by technology category (difference in percentage of respondents selecting policy option; bolded font indicates significant difference (p < 0.05) between Global South and Global North; color scheme shifts from redder to greener as percentage selecting option increases; SRM stands for Solar Radiation Modification, CDR for Carbon Dioxide Removal).

Fig. 6

N = 30,284 participants. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in percentage of respondents expressing support for policy options in Global South versus Global North, according to nonparametric independent-samples (two-tailed) Mann-Whitney U tests. Here, the test statistics for SRM: “independent national government policies restricting use of technology”, U = 35.50, Z = −2.970, p = 0.002; “national support and funding to enable technology for public and private R&D”, U = 11.50, Z = −4.004, p = 0.000; “information and engagement campaigns to consult and inform public”, U = 28.00, Z = −3.293, p = 0.001; “international ban or moratorium on technologies deemed risky”, U = 129.00, Z = 1.055, p = 0.307; “international organization to conduct oversight and set standards”, U = 20.50, Z = −3.615, p = 0.000; “scientific agency to explore and start testing and development”, U = 19.00, Z = −3.680, p = 0.000; “special report (e.g., by IPCC) to evaluate and assess technologies”, U = 0.00, Z = −4.498, p = 0.000; “none of the above, U = 205.50, Z = 4.348, p =0.000. The test statistics for engineered CDR: “independent national government policies restricting use of technology”, U = 27.00, Z = −3.336, p = 0.000; “national support and funding to enable technology for public and private R&D”, U = 11.00, Z = −4.025, p = 0.000; “information and engagement campaigns to consult and inform public”, U = 46.50, Z = −2.497, p = 0.011; “international ban or moratorium on technologies deemed risky”, U = 97.00, Z = −0.323, p = 0.767; “international organization to conduct oversight and set standards”, U = 44.00, Z = −2.605, p = 0.008; “global-level market for trading carbon credits and/or offsets”, U = 22.00, Z = −3.551, p = 0.000; “special report (e.g., by IPCC) to evaluate and assess technologies”, U = 21.50, Z = −3.572, p = 0.000; or “none of the above, U = 200.50, Z = 4.132, p = 0.000. Test statistics for ecosystem-based CDR: “independent national government policies restricting use of technology”, U = 43.00, Z = −2.647, p = 0.007; “national support and funding to enable technology for public and private R&D”, U = 58.00, Z = −2.002, p = 0.047; “information and engagement campaigns to consult and inform public”, U = 37.00, Z = −2.905, p = 0.003; “international ban or moratorium on technologies deemed risky”, U = 99.50, Z = −0.215, p = 0.832; “international organization to conduct oversight and set standards”, U = 64.00, Z = −1.743, p = 0.085; “global-level market for trading carbon credits and/or offsets”, U = 28.00, Z = −3.293, p = 0.001; “special report (e.g., by IPCC) to evaluate and assess technologies”, U = 9.50, Z = −4.089, p = 0.000; or “none of the above, U = 199.00, Z = 4.068, p = 0.000. Cells colored according to following scheme: if percentage selecting option is between 0–20%, red is used; 20-40%, pale orange; 40–60%, pale yellow; 60% or more, green.