Table 2. Comparison of Rapid Testing for All Randomized Patients by Treatment Arm .
| Primary outcome | Intervention arm, No. (%) (n = 187) | Standard-of-care arm, No. (%) (n = 187) | Intervention vs standard of carea | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted | Adjusted for season (2020 vs 2021) | |||||||
| Difference, % (95% CI) | Ratio (95% CI) | P value | Difference, % (95% CI) | Ratio (95% CI) | P value | |||
| Binary outcomes | ||||||||
| Provision of pathogen-directed treatment | 66 (35.3) | 25 (13.4) | 21.9 (13.5 to 30.3) | OR: 3.53 (2.13 to 6.02) | <.001 | 22.1 (13.8 to 30.5) | OR: 3.54 (2.13 to 6.02) | <.001 |
| Provision of any antibiotics | 159 (85.0) | 157 (84.0) | 1.1 (−6.3 to 8.4) | OR: 1.09 (0.62 to 1.91) | .78 | 0.9 (−6.4 to 8.1) | OR: 1.09 (0.62 to 1.91) | .77 |
| Event-time outcomes | ||||||||
| Time to provision of pathogen-directed treatment, median (IQR), hb | 34.5 (31.6 to 37.3) | 43.8 (42.0 to 45.6) | −9.4 (−12.7 to −6.0) | HR: 3.08 (1.95 to 4.89) | <.001 | −9.4 (−12.7 to −6.0) | HR: 3.08 (1.95 to 4.89) | <.001 |
Abbreviations: HR, hazard ratio; OR, odds ratio.
a
Differences were estimated as absolute differences for binary outcomes (on use) and mean differences for event-time outcomes using logistic regression (with the identity link function) and restricted mean survival time methods, respectively. The ORs for binary outcomes and HRs for event-time outcomes were estimated using logistic regression and Cox regression, respectively. P values corresponding to testing ratios equal to 1 were reported.
b
Time elapsed from randomization to provision of pathogen-directed treatment within 48 hours.