Table 3.

OR for the association of dietary quality (DQI-I) with hand grip strength weakness and asymmetry^*

Nutrition Index	HGS weakness						HGS asymmetry						HGS weakness and asymmetry
	Model 1			Model 2			Model 1			Model 2			Model 1			Model 2
	OR	95 % CI	P	OR	95 % CI	P	OR	95 % CI	P	OR	95 % CI	P	OR	95 % CI	P	OR	95 % CI	P
DQI-I, per sd	0·87	0·78, 0·97	0·016	0·85	0·75, 0·95	0·007	0·89	0·80, 0·98	0·022	0·90	0·81, 0·99	0·039	0·77	0·67, 0·90	< 0·001	0·77	0·66, 0·90	0·001
DQI-I quartiles
Q1	Ref			Ref			Ref			Ref			Ref			Ref
Q2	0·88	0·64, 1·20	0·40	0·86	0·61, 1·20	0·37	0·57	0·42, 0·76	< 0·001	0·57	0·43, 0·77	< 0·001	0·60	0·40, 0·90	0·014	0·59	0·38, 0·90	0·015
Q3	0·76	0·56, 1·04	0·09	0·75	0·53, 1·04	0·09	0·60	0·45, 0·79	< 0·001	0·61	0·46, 0·81	< 0·001	0·62	0·42, 0·92	0·017	0·64	0·42, 0·97	0·036
Q4	0·73	0·54, 1·00	0·049	0·69	0·50, 0·97	0·033	0·69	0·52, 0·92	0·011	0·71	0·53, 0·94	0·017	0·49	0·32, 0·74	< 0·001	0·50	0·32, 0·76	0·001
P for trend	0·033			0·023			0·022			0·035			0·002			0·004

DQI-I, Dietary Quality Index – International; MVPA, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity; MET, metabolic equivalents of task.

^*Hand grip strength weakness was defined as maximum hand grip strength below sex-specific cut-offs (< 28 kg for males and < 18 kg for females). Hand grip strength asymmetry was defined as the ratio of maximum hand grip strength for non-dominant hand to that for dominant hand below 0·9 or over 1·1. HGS weakness and asymmetry was treated as a composite outcome if the criteria for both HGS weakness and HGS asymmetry were met. Model 1: unadjusted model. Model 2: adjusted for age (years), sex, ethnicity, total MVPA (MET-h/d) and smoking status.