Table 4.
Association of dietary quality score (DQI-I) components with hand grip strength*
| DQI-I components | Tertile | n | HGS (kg) | HGS weakness and asymmetry | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β | 95 % CI | P | OR | 95 % CI | P | |||
| Variety | T1 | 748 | Ref | Ref | ||||
| T2 | 523 | –0·08 | –0·74, 0·58 | 0·81 | 1·06 | 0·71, 1·59 | 0·77 | |
| T3 | 276 | –0·39 | –1·26, 0·47 | 0·37 | 1·34 | 0·77, 2·29 | 0·29 | |
| P for trend | 0·37 | 0·29 | ||||||
| Adequacy | T1 | 580 | Ref | Ref | ||||
| T2 | 525 | 0·48 | –0·18, 1·14 | 0·16 | 0·62 | 0·41, 0·92 | 0·020 | |
| T3 | 442 | 1·47 | 0·66, 2·28 | < 0·001 | 0·49 | 0·29, 0·81 | 0·006 | |
| P for trend | < 0·001 | 0·006 | ||||||
| Balance | T1 | 557 | Ref | Ref | ||||
| T2 | 556 | –0·27 | –0·86, 0·32 | 0·37 | 0·91 | 0·63, 1·29 | 0·59 | |
| T3 | 434 | 0·58 | –0·16, 1·33 | 0·12 | 0·68 | 0·43, 1·06 | 0·09 | |
| P for trend | 0·12 | 0·09 | ||||||
| Moderation | T1 | 627 | Ref | Ref | ||||
| T2 | 421 | –0·45 | –1·11, 0·22 | 0·19 | 1·35 | 0·91, 1·99 | 0·13 | |
| T3 | 499 | –0·09 | –0·79, 0·62 | 0·81 | 0·95 | 0·61, 1·46 | 0·80 | |
| P for trend | 0·81 | 0·80 | ||||||
DQI-I, Dietary Quality Index – International; MVPA, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity; MET, metabolic equivalents of task.
*
Model adjusted for age (years), sex, ethnicity, total MVPA (MET-h/d) and smoking status. Hand grip strength weakness was defined as maximum hand grip strength below sex-specific cut-offs (< 28 kg for males and < 18 kg for females). Hand grip strength asymmetry was defined as the ratio of maximum hand grip strength for non-dominant hand to that for dominant hand below 0·9 or over 1·1. HGS weakness and asymmetry was treated as a composite outcome if the criteria for both HGS weakness and HGS asymmetry were met.