Table 3.
Univariate and multivariate regression for the total number of days spent in hospital among those patients with at least one hospital admission
| Clinical parameters | Univariate model | RW p | Multivariate model | RW p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | -0.25 (-0.58, 0.07) | 0.974 | -0.44 (-0.71, -0.17) | 0.497 |
| Female | -3 (-9.48, 3.48) | 1.000 | -2.72 (-9.03, 3.58) | 0.993 |
| Urban | -1 (-13.45, 11.45) | 1.000 | 0.91 (-10.75, 12.58) | 1.000 |
| BMI (n = 152) | -0.64 (-1.58, 0.31) | 1.000 | ||
| Former smoker | -8 (-26.05, 10.05) | 1.000 | ||
| Current Smoker | -3 (-21.05, 15.05) | |||
| FVC (10% predicted) (n = 152) | 6 (2.88, 9.12) | 0.828 | ||
| FEV1 (10% predicted) (n = 152) | 6.33 (3.43, 9.23) | 0.729 | ||
| FEV1/FVC (n = 152) | 0.11 (-0.26, 0.47) | 1.000 | ||
| COPD | 19 (10.13, 27.87) | 0.689 | 12.88 (2.28, 23.48) | 0.676 |
| Asthma | 13 (6.18, 19.82) | 0.517 | ||
| ILD | 6 (-34.35, 46.35) | 1.000 | ||
| Lung cancer | 0 (-16.03, 16.03) | 1.000 | ||
| Hypertension | 4 (-3.27, 11.27) | 0.934 | 10.13 (3.32, 16.93) | 0.563 |
| Type 2 diabetes | 5 (-1.71, 11.71) | 0.993 | ||
| Chronic kidney disease | 0 (-6.39, 6.39) | 0.993 | ||
| CAD | 6 (-0.15, 12.15) | 0.974 | ||
| HF | 23 (12.33, 33.67) | 0.636 | 15.36 (4.4, 26.32) | 0.583 |
| RLL | 5 (-1.75, 11.75) | 0.993 | ||
| RML | -7 (-13.43, -0.57) | 0.974 | -9.06 (-15.71, -2.41) | 0.636 |
| RUL | 6 (-1.17, 13.17) | 0.755 | 11.98 (4.77, 19.2) | 0.483 |
| LLL | 2 (-5, 9) | 1.000 | ||
| Lingula | 1 (-5.95, 7.95) | 1.000 | ||
| LUL | 6 (-1.57, 13.57) | 0.894 | ||
| Bilateral | 5 (-1.58, 11.58) | 0.993 | ||
| SABA | 9 (2.25, 15.75) | 0.848 | ||
| SAMA | 10 (-2.49, 22.49) | 0.993 | ||
| LABA | 15 (8.41, 21.59) | 0.623 | 9.44 (2.38, 16.49) | 0.636 |
| LAMA | 15 (8.81, 21.19) | 0.397 | ||
| ICS | 12 (5.97, 18.03) | 0.682 |
Multivariate model created via stepwise regression with forced inclusion of demographic variables (age, sex and residence location) and excluding smoking status, BMI and lung function parameters due to incomplete data, with exclusion from the model set at p > 0.01
Abbreviations: BMI Body mass index, FVC Forced vital capacity, FEV1 Forced expiratory volume in one second, COPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, ILD Interstitial lung disease, HF Heart failure, CAD Coronary artery disease, LLL Left lower lobe, RLL Right lower lobe, RML Right middle lobe, RUL Right upper lobe, LUL Left upper lobe, SABA Short acting beta agonists, SAMA Short acting muscarinic agents, LABA Long acting beta agonists, LAMA Long acting muscarinic agents, ICS Inhaled corticosteroids, RW-p Romano-Wolff p-value