Table 2.
Association between stroke severity on admission and discharge to rehabilitation comparing COVID-19 pandemic period 2020 to 2021 with pre-pandemic period 2017 to 2020
| Monthly time period | Year | NIH Stroke Scale on admission | Modified Rankin Scale on admission | Discharge to rehabilitation after acute care | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NIHSS > 6 points, % | Estimates | mRS > 2 points, % | Estimates | Rehabilitation rate, % | Estimates | |||||||||||
| Before pandemica | During pandemic | Change, % | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjustedb OR (95% CI) | Before pandemica | During pandemic | Change, % | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjustedb OR (95% CI) | Before pandemica | During pandemic | Change, % | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted c OR (95% CI) | ||
| Jan 11 to Feb10 | 2020 vs 2017–2019 | 28.9 | 31.3 | 2.4 | 1.12 (0.97, 1.28) | 1.11 (0.97, 1.28) | 58.5 | 59.6 | 1.1 | 1.04 (0.92, 1.18) | 1.03 (0.91, 1.17) | 51.7 | 51.3 | − 0.4 | 0.98 (0.86, 1.11) | 0.98 (0.86, 1.11) |
| Feb 11 to Mar 10 | 2020 vs 2017–2019 | 29.3 | 28.7 | − 0.6 | 0.97 (0.84, 1.11) | 0.97 (0.84, 1.12) | 60.1 | 59.3 | − 0.8 | 0.96 (0.85, 1.09) | 0.96 (0.85, 1.09) | 51.4 | 52.2 | 0.8 | 1.03 (0.90, 1.17) | 1.02 (0.89, 1.16) |
| Mar 11 to Apr 10 | 2020 vs 2017–2019 | 28.9 | 31.5 | 2.6 | 1.13 (0.98, 1.29) | 1.11 (0.97, 1.28) | 60.8 | 61.0 | 0.2 | 1.00 (0.88, 1.13) | 0.99 (0.88, 1.13) | 50.8 | 53.6 | 2.8 | 1.11 (0.98, 1.27) | 1.11 (0.97, 1.26) |
| Apr 11 to May 10 | 2020 vs 2017–2019 | 28.6 | 29.2 | − 0.6 | 1.02 (0.88, 1.19) | 1.04 (0.89, 1.21) | 58.7 | 57.0 | − 1.7 | 0.93 (0.81, 1.06) | 0.91 (0.79, 1.04) | 50.4 | 48.2 | − 2.2 | 0.91 (0.79, 1.04) | 0.90 (0.78, 1.03) |
| May 11 to Jun 10 | 2020 vs 2017–2019 | 29.0 | 27.1 | − 1.9 | 0.91 (0.79, 1.05) | 0.90 (0.78, 1.04) | 58.3 | 56.2 | − 2.1 | 0.92 (0.81, 1.03) | 0.90 (0.80, 1.02) | 51.6 | 51.4 | − 0.2 | 0.99 (0.87, 1.12) | 1.00 (0.87, 1.13) |
| Jun 11 to Jul 10 | 2020 vs 2017–2019 | 27.6 | 27.9 | 0.3 | 1.01 (0.87, 1.17) | 1.03 (0.89, 1.19) | 58.8 | 57.1 | − 1.7 | 0.93 (0.82, 1.06) | 0.94 (0.83, 1.07) | 52.9 | 52.1 | 0.8 | 0.96 (0.84, 1.10) | 0.95 (0.83, 1.09) |
| Jul 11 to Aug 10 | 2020 vs 2017–2019 | 28.5 | 27.3 | − 1.2 | 0.94 (0.81, 1.08) | 0.93 (0.81, 1.08) | 58.3 | 56.6 | − 1.7 | 0.93 (0.81, 1.05) | 0.93 (0.82, 1.06) | 51.3 | 54.1 | 2.8 | 1.12 (0.98, 1.28) | 1.13 (0.99, 1.29) |
| Aug 11 to Sep 10 | 2020 vs 2017–2019 | 29.1 | 29.2 | 0.1 | 1.00 (0.87, 1.15) | 1.04 (0.90, 1.20) | 59.9 | 56.4 | − 3.5 | 0.86 (0.76, 0.97) | 0.87 (0.77, 0.99) | 48.8 | 50.2 | 1.4 | 1.05 (0.92, 1.20) | 1.04 (0.91, 1.18) |
| Sep 11 to Oct 10 | 2020 vs 2017–2019 | 27.8 | 24.7 | − 3.1 | 0.85 (0.73, 0.99) | 0.85 (0.73, 0.99) | 57.5 | 55.2 | − 2.3 | 0.91 (0.80, 1.03) | 0.93 (0.81, 1.06) | 49.5 | 48.9 | − 0.6 | 0.97 (0.85, 1.11) | 0.97 (0.85, 1.11) |
| Oct 11 to Nov 10 | 2020 vs 2017–2019 | 28.0 | 27.9 | − 0.1 | 0.99 (0.86, 1.15) | 0.98 (0.85, 1.14) | 59.0 | 57.2 | − 1.8 | 0.92 (0.81, 1.04) | 0.92 (0.81, 1.04) | 52.2 | 48.4 | − 3.8 | 0.85 (0.75, 0.97) | 0.86 (0.75, 0.98) |
| Nov 11 to Dec 10 | 2020 vs 2017–2019 | 30.2 | 28.5 | − 1.7 | 0.92 (0.79, 1.06) | 0.91 (0.79, 1.06) | 58.9 | 58.1 | − 0.8 | 0.96 (0.85, 1.09) | 0.96 (0.84, 1.09) | 50.9 | 45.5 | − 5.4 | 0.80 (0.70, 0.91) | 0.80 (0.70, 0.92) |
| Dec 11 to Jan 10 | 2020–2021 vs 2017–2019 | 29.1 | 28.8 | − 0.3 | 0.98 (0.85, 1.14) | 1.01 (0.86, 1.17) | 61.2 | 58.3 | − 2.9 | 0.88 (0.77, 1.00) | 0.91 (0.79, 1.04) | 51.7 | 47.1 | − 4.0 | 0.83 (0.72, 0.95) | 0.82 (0.72, 0.95) |
| Jan 11 to Feb 10 | 2021 vs 2017–2019 | 28.9 | 28.9 | 0.0 | 1.00 (0.87, 1.15) | 0.99 (0.96, 1.14) | 58.5 | 58.6 | 0.1 | 1.00 (0.88, 1.13) | 1.00 (0.88, 1.13) | 51.7 | 49.8 | − 1.9 | 0.92 (0.81, 1.05) | 0.92 (0.81, 1.05) |
| Feb 11 to Mar 10 | 2021 vs 2017–2019 | 29.3 | 27.8 | − 1.5 | 0.92 (0.79, 1.07) | 0.93 (0.80, 1.08) | 60.1 | 58.5 | − 1.6 | 0.93 (0.82, 1.06) | 0.94 (0.82, 1.07) | 51.4 | 48.4 | − 3.0 | 0.88 (0.77, 1.01) | 0.88 (0.76, 1.00) |
| Mar 11 to Apr 10 | 2021 vs 2017–2019 | 28.9 | 27.7 | − 1.2 | 0.94 (0.81, 1.08) | 0.95 (0.82, 1.10) | 60.8 | 55.5 | − 5.3 | 0.80 (0.70, 0.90) | 0.80 (0.71, 0.91) | 50.8 | 46.0 | − 4.8 | 0.82 (0.72, 0.93) | 0.82 (0.72, 0.93) |
| Apr 11 to May 10 | 2021 vs 2017–2019 | 28.6 | 27.8 | − 0.8 | 0.95 (0.82, 1.10) | 0.96 (0.83, 1.12) | 58.7 | 60.2 | 1.5 | 1.06 (0.93, 1.20) | 1.04 (0.91, 1.19) | 50.4 | 49.2 | − 1.2 | 0.95 (0.83, 1.08) | 0.94 (0.83, 1.08) |
| May 11 to Jun 10 | 2021 vs 2017–2019 | 29.0 | 24.9 | − 4.1 | 0.81 (0.70, 0.93) | 0.81 (0.70, 0.94) | 58.3 | 57.9 | − 0.4 | 0.98 (0.83, 1.10) | 0.98 (0.86, 1.10) | 51.6 | 46.6 | − 5.0 | 0.82 (0.72, 0.929 | 0.82 (0.72, 0.93) |
| Jun 11 to Jul 10 | 2021 vs 2017–2019 | 27.6 | 29.1 | 1.5 | 1.08 (0.93, 1.25) | 1.09 (0.95, 1.27) | 58.8 | 58.7 | − 0.1 | 0.99 (0.87, 1.13) | 1.00 (0.88, 1.14) | 52.9 | 47.8 | − 5.1 | 0.81 (0.71, 0.93) | 0.80 (0.70, 0.91) |
| Jul 11 to Aug 10 | 2021 vs 2017–2019 | 28.5 | 26.2 | − 2.3 | 0.89 (0.76, 1.03) | 0.89 (0.77, 1.04) | 58.3 | 56.6 | − 1.7 | 0.93 (0.82, 1.05) | 0.93 (0.82, 1.06) | 51.3 | 49.6 | − 1.7 | 0.93 (0.81, 1.06) | 0.93 (0.81, 1.06) |
| Aug 11 to Sep 10 | 2021 vs 2017–2019 | 29.1 | 29.0 | − 0.1 | 0.99 (0.86, 1.14) | 0.98 (0.85, 1.13) | 59.9 | 59.8 | − 0.1 | 0.99 (0.88, 1.12) | 0.97 (0.85, 1.10) | 48.8 | 51.1 | 1.3 | 1.09 (0.96, 1.24) | 1.09 (0.96, 1.24) |
| Sep 11 to Oct 10 | 2021 vs 2017–2019 | 27.8 | 27.2 | − 0.6 | 0.97 (0.83, 1.12) | 0.99 (0.85, 1.15) | 57.5 | 58.2 | 0.7 | 1.03 (0.90, 1.17) | 1.07 (0.94, 1.22) | 49.5 | 47.5 | − 2.0 | 0.92 (0.80, 1.05) | 0.91 (0.79, 1.04) |
| Oct 11 to Nov 10 | 2021 vs 2017–2019 | 28.0 | 28.4 | 0.4 | 1.01 (0.88, 1.17) | 1.03 (0.89, 1.19) | 59.0 | 58.0 | − 1.0 | 0.95 (0.84, 1.08) | 0.99 (0.88, 1.13) | 52.2 | 48.7 | − 3.5 | 0.87 (0.76, 0.98) | 0.86 (0.76, 0.98) |
| Nov 11 to Dec 10 | 2021 vs 2017–2019 | 30.2 | 25.7 | − 4.5 | 0.80 (0.69, 0.92) | 0.79 (0.68, 0.91) | 58.9 | 58.3 | − 0.6 | 0.97 (0.86, 1.10) | 0.96 (85, 1.09) | 50.9 | 48.7 | − 2.2 | 0.91 (0.80, 1.03) | 0.91 (0.80, 1.04) |
%, proportion, OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval
aAverage from 2017 to 2019
bAdjusted for age, sex, and type of stroke
cAdjusted for age, sex, type of stroke, and mRS score at discharge