Table 2.

Bivariate association between sample characteristics and wellbeing (WHO-5) and Menstrual academic disruption (MAD) among adolescent girls in Palestine refugee camps (N = 2657)

		Well-being (WHO-5) N = 2657 Mean ± SD = 58.7 ± 25.1				Menstrual academic disruption (MAD) N = 2657 Mean ± SD = 3.1 ± 3.3
		N	Mean	Mean diff	P-value*	N	Mean	Mean diff	P-value*
Dysmenorrhea	No	98	71.4	ref		98	0.0	ref
	Mild	458	65.0	-6.4	0.019	458	0.5	0.4	0.148
	Moderate	1006	60.5	-11.0	< 0.001	1,006	2.3	2.3	< 0.001
	Severe	1095	53.2	-18.2	< 0.001	1,095	5.3	5.2	< 0.001
Age (years)	15	851	61.5	ref		851	2.7	ref
	16	674	59.1	-2.5	0.058	674	3.2	0.6	0.001
	17	668	56.4	-5.1	< 0.001	668	3.3	0.7	< 0.001
	18	464	56.0	-5.5	< 0.001	464	3.5	0.8	< 0.001
Country	West Bank	1329	59.5	ref		1,329	2.9	ref
	Jordan	1328	57.8	-1.7	0.081	1,328	3.3	0.4	0.003
Type of camp community	Urban	1939	58.0	ref		1,939	3.3	ref
	Rural	620	62.1	4.1	< 0.001	620	2.5	-0.8	< 0.001
	Bedouin	98	50.2	-7.7	0.003	98	3.4	0.1	0.873
Standard of living score	Low STL 1–30	995	53.5	ref		995	3.7	ref
	Middle STL 31–60	1348	61.4	7.9	< 0.001	1,348	3.0	-0.5	0.001
	High STL 61–100	314	63.3	9.8	< 0.001	314	2.6	-0.9	< 0.001
Reported economic status	Bad to very bad	329	45.9	ref		329	3.7	ref
	Fair	1350	57.6	11.7	< 0.001	1,350	3.7	-0.4	0.055
	Good to very good	978	64.4	18.4	< 0.001	978	3.3	-1.0	< 0.001
Dietary adequacy	Adequate	1678	60.0	ref		1,678	3.0	ref
	Inadequate	979	56.3	-3.8	< 0.001	979	3.4	0.4	0.001
Skipping breakfast	Never	790	62.4	ref		790	2.7	ref
	Rarely	537	60.4	-2.0	0.154	537	3.3	0.6	0.001
	Sometimes	313	62.0	-0.4	0.809	313	3.3	0.6	0.01
	Always	1009	53.8	-8.6	< 0.001	1,009	3.3	0.6	< 0.001
Number of days of being physically active for more than an hour/day	0 days	177	49.6	ref		177	3.6	ref
	1–5 days per week	1598	56.4	6.8	0.001	1,598	3.3	-0.4	0.172
	6–7 days per week	882	64.6	15.0	< 0.001	882	2.7	-0.9	0.001
Number of bleeding days	Regular	2496	58.8	ref		2,496	3.1	ref
	Short	40	62.2	3.4	0.399	40	3.6	0.5	0.348
	Long	114	53.5	-5.3	0.028	117	3.9	0.8	0.01
Heaviness of bleeding (Blood leaks through clothes)	No, never	1627	59.9	ref		1,627	2.7	ref
	Yes, rarely	423	55.7	-4.2	0.002	423	3.2	0.5	0.002
	Yes, sometimes	437	57.4	-2.5	0.063	437	3.8	1.1	< 0.001
	Yes, most of the time or always	165	56.4	-3.5	0.088	165	5.0	2.3	< 0.001

* P-values based on t-tests and one-way ANOVA comparing each level of the covariate to the reference