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. 2024 Feb 22;18(9):6845–6862. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.3c04471

Figure 3.

Figure 3

NP-cGAMP/MPLA enhances innate immune activation, co-stimulatory molecule expression, and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion in vitro. (A) In vitro evaluation of interferon activation in RAW-Dual reporter cells after treatment with indicated formulation for 24 h, cGAMP doses indicated on x-axis, MPLA dose for NP-MPLA dose matched to MPLA dose in NP-cGAMP/MPLA(1:4) (mean ± SD; n = 3 biologically independent samples). (B) In vitro evaluation of NF-κB activation in RAW-Dual reporter cells after treatment with indicated formulation for 24 h, MPLA doses indicated on x-axis, cGAMP dose for NP-cGAMP dose matched to cGAMP dose in NP-cGAMP/MPLA(4:1) (mean ± SD; n = 3 biologically independent samples). (C) Flow cytometric quantification of mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of CD86 expression by BMDCs treated with indicated doses of NP-cGAMP, NP-MPLA, or NP-cGAMP/MPLA (n = 3 biologically independent samples). (D–G) Concentration of secreted (D) IFN-β, (E) IL-6, (F) TNF-α, and (G) IL-1α by BMDCs after treatment with indicated doses of NP-cGAMP, NP-MPLA, or NP-cGAMP/MPLA (n = 3 biologically independent samples).