Table 4.
Association Between Patient Characteristics and Having any Antipsychotic Medication Prescription Dispensed in the 48 Months Preceding a New Psychotic Disorder Diagnosis
| Characteristic | Odds of Having an Antipsychotic Medication Prescription Dispensed Prior to a New Psychotic Disorder Diagnosis (N = 2505) |
|---|---|
| Odds ratio (95% CI) | |
| Male | 1.45 (1.21, 1.75) |
| Age category (reference group: 15–17 years) | |
| 18–29 years | 1.31 (1.00, 1.73) |
| 30–35 years | 1.29 (0.95, 1.77) |
| Index diagnosis location (reference group: ED/observational) | |
| Inpatient, psychiatry | 1.42 (0.90, 2.23) |
| Inpatient, non-psychiatry | 1.17 (0.83, 1.64) |
| Outpatient | 1.11 (0.91, 1.34) |
| Index diagnosis insurance (reference group: commercial, group) | |
| Medicaid | 1.36 (1.11, 1.68) |
| Commercial, individual | 1.51 (0.88, 2.57) |
| Other | 0.99 (0.69, 1.41) |
| Baseline comorbidities | |
| Anxiety disorders | 1.54 (1.26, 1.88) |
| Depression | 1.38 (1.12, 1.69) |
| ADHD, conduct disorders, and hyperkinetic syndrome | 1.11 (0.90, 1.38) |
| Bipolar disorder | 3.59 (2.92, 4.41) |
| Personality disorders | 2.27 (1.42, 3.63) |
| Asthma | 0.98 (0.78, 1.23) |
| Obesity | 1.00 (0.77, 1.30) |
| Autism | 2.15 (1.37, 3.39) |
| Epilepsy | 0.80 (0.52, 1.23) |
| Learning disabilities | 0.73 (0.37, 1.45) |
| Other ID/DD disorders | 1.43 (1.02, 2.01) |
| Hypertension | 1.13 (0.81, 1.58) |
| Hyperlipidemia | 1.26 (0.89, 1.79) |
| Diabetes | 1.03 (0.66, 1.63) |
Notes: (1) Baseline comorbidities were defined using the Chronic Conditions Data Warehouse ICD-9 codes during the 2-year period of 2013Q4–2015Q3, prior to the new psychotic disorder diagnosis in 2016. (2) ED, emergency department; ADHD, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; ID/DD, intellectual or developmental disabilities.