Table 2.

Overview of the reviewed studies comparing the pharmacologic choices for conscious sedation.

Authors	Year	Location	Purpose	Type of source	Summary points
Kronfli et al. [32]	2021	USA	Comparing dexmedetomidine and propofol in TAVR procedures	Retrospective cohort study	(i) There was no significant differences in in-hospital outcomes, 30-day outcomes, or total cost of the patient's hospitalization between the groups
Zhao et al. [33]	2022	USA	Comparing ketamine and nonketamine drugs in TAVR procedures	Retrospective cohort study	(i) Ketamine had statistically lower 30-day mortality and lower intraoperative cardiac arrest
					(ii) There was no statistical difference in postoperative stroke, intraoperative conversion to general anesthesia, postoperative delirium, need for permanent pacemaker implantation, perivalvular leak, and length of stay between the groups