. 2023 Oct 27;95(4):996–1008. doi: 10.1038/s41390-023-02864-z

Table 3.

miRNAs with different trends as observed from our miRNA-seq analysis (p < 0.05, average reads >50) are consistent with the published literature.

List	Name of miRNA	Our miRNA-seq result		Change in trend and description in references
List	Name of miRNA	Change in trend	p value	Change in trend and description in references
1	hsa-miR-27a-3p	Downward	<0.0001	Downregulation in plasma of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy¹²
2	hsa-miR-324-5p	Upward	0.000389	Upregulation in serum of children with epileptic encephalopathy¹⁶
3	hsa-miR-22-5p	Downward	0.000561	Downregulation in serum of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy¹⁷
4	hsa-miR-125a-5p/3p	Downward	0.003055/0.006221	Downregulation in plasma from children with epilepsy¹⁸
5	hsa-miR-4521	Upward	0.004530	Upregulation in serum and tissues from patients with focal cortical dysplasia with refractory epilepsy¹⁹
6	hsa-miR-29a-3p	Downward	0.004615	Downregulation in the serum of children with temporal lobe epilepsy²⁰
7	hsa-miR-301a-3p	Upward	0.004947	Upregulation in serum of epilepsy patients²¹; upregulation in plasma and hippocampus of sudden and unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) due to drug-resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy²²
8	hsa-miR-889-3p	Upward	0.007872	Upregulation in serum of epilepsy patients²³
9	hsa-miR-106b-5p	Upward	0.009361	Upregulation in serum of epilepsy patients²³; upregulation in serum of epilepsy patients^{21, 24}; and upregulated in plasma of children with epilepsy²⁵
10	has-miR-654-3p	Upward	0.011322	Upregulation in epilepsy baseline-state plasma and seizure-state plasma¹²
11	hsa-miR-134-5p	Upward	0.011665	Upregulation in the plasma of epilepsy patients may be directly associated with the pathophysiology and severity of epilepsy,¹³ upregulation in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid of epilepsy patients^{26, 27}
12	hsa-miR-142-3p	Upward	0.014943	Upregulation in the serum of temporal lobe epilepsy patients²⁸
13	hsa-miR-181c-5p	Upward	0.019324	Upregulation in the blood of patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis²⁹
14	hsa-miR-199a-5p	Upward	0.030277	Upregulation in the blood of patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis²⁹