Table 1.

Comparisons of characteristics and assessment scores of children born EPT and at term-age who underwent MRI scans at 10 years of age and language assessments and full-scale IQ tests at 12 years of age.

	Children born EPT	Term-born controls	Mean difference (95% CI)	p-value
MRI scans at 10 years of age, number	50	37
Gestational age, median (range) weeks	25.6 (23.6–26.6)	40.0 (37.3–41.6)	-	a < 0.001
Birth weight, mean (SD), g	848 (149)	3735 (459)	-	b < 0.001
Age at scan, median (range) years	10.3 (9.0–11.4)	10.2 (8.3–11.6)	-	a0.63
Sex male, n (%)	23 (46)	18 (49)	-	c0.81
Intracranial volume, mean (SD), cm3	1390 (114)	1440 (110)	-	b0.042
Righthanded, n (%)	42 (84)	35 (95)	-	c0.25
Multiple births, n (%)	8 (16)	0 (0)	-	-
Language assessments at 12 years of age, number	41/50	29/37
Age at developmental follow-up, median (range) years	12.2 (11.8–12.8)	12.1 (11.6–12.8)	-	a0.40
Gestational age, median (range) weeks	25.6 (23.6–26.6)	40.0 (38.0–41.6)	-	a < 0.001
Birth weight, mean (SD), g	841 (153)	3809 (432)	-	b < 0.001
Age at scan, median (range) years	10.5 (9.1–11.4)	10.3 (9.0–11.6)	-	a0.67
Sex male, n (%)	20 (49)	13 (45)	-	c0.74
Intracranial volume, mean (SD), cm3	1386 (118)	1453 (103)	-	b0.018
Righthanded, n (%)	33 (80)	27 (93)	-	c0.27
Multiple births, n (%)	6 (15)	0 (0)	-	-
Mothers with university-level education, n (%)	26 (63)	18 (62)	-	c0.91
Everyone in the household spoke Swedish, n (%)	28/38 (74)	26/27 (96)	-	d0.020
Vocabulary subtest (WISC-V), mean (SD) scores	10.4 (3.9)	13.0 (3.6)	–2.8 (–4.4, –0.7)	b0.007 e0.004
Similarities subtest (WISC-V), mean (SD) scores	10.4 (3.0)	13.3 (2.7)	–2.9 (–4.3, –1.6)	b < 0.001 e < 0.001
Full-scale IQ, mean (SD) scores	96.2 (14.6)	110.1 (12.3)	–14.6 (–21.3, –8.0)	b < 0.001 e < 0.001
CELF-4, Recalling sentences, mean (SD) scores	8.6 (2.7)	10.1 (2.6)	–1.5 (–2.8, –0.2)	b0.013 e0.018

^aMann–Whitney U-test.

^bStudent’s t-test.

^cPearson chi-square.

^dFisher’s exact test.

^eGeneralized estimating equations adjusted for sex and maternal education.