Table 2.
Comparison of brain volumes for language-related regions between children born EPT and term-born controls using generalized estimating equations.
| Brain region | Children born EPT (n = 50) |
Term-born controls (n = 37) |
Mean difference, (95% CI), adjusted | p-value adjusted |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Supplementary motor area right, mean (SD) cm3 | 14.97 (0.22) | 15.23 (0.35) | –0.26 (−0.39, −0.13) | <0.001 |
| Supplementary motor area left, mean (SD) cm3 | 13.56 (0.21) | 13.80 (0.33) | −0.24 (−0.36, −0.11) | <0.001 |
| Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular right, mean (SD) cm3 | 13.60 (0.21) | 13.84 (0.40) | −0.24 (−0.37, −0.10) | <0.001 |
| Inferior frontal gyrus triangular left, mean (SD) cm3 | 15.83 (0.23) | 16.14 (0.48) | −0.31 (−0.47, −0.14) | <0.001 |
| Inferior frontal gyrus opercular right, mean (SD) cm3 | 9.03 (0.14) | 9.16 (0.23) | −0.13 (−0.21, −0.046) | 0.002 |
| Inferior frontal gyrus opercular left, mean (SD) cm3 | 6.37 (0.11) | 6.46 (0.13) | −0.094 (−0.15, −0.041) | <0.001 |
| Heschl’s gyrus right, mean (SD) cm3 | 1.53 (0.028) | 1.55 (0.050) | −0.025 (−0.042, −0.008) | 0.004 |
| Heschl’s gyrus left, mean (SD) cm3 | 1.36 (0.028) | 1.38 (0.043) | −0.016 (−0.033, −0.001) | 0.069 |
| Angular gyrus right, mean (SD) cm3 | 11.45 (0.19) | 11.64 (0.25) | −0.19 (−0.29, −0.089) | <0.001 |
| Angular gyrus left, mean (SD) cm3 | 6.98 (0.12) | 7.09 (0.15) | −0.12 (−0.18, −0.057) | <0.001 |
| Supramarginal gyrus right, mean (SD) cm3 | 12.26 (0.18) | 12.46 (0.33) | −0.20 (−0.30, −0.089) | <0.001 |
| Supramarginal gyrus left, mean (SD) cm3 | 7.19 (0.11) | 7.31 (0.14) | −0.12 (−0.17, −0.058) | <0.001 |
| Superior temporal gyrus right, mean (SD) cm3 | 19.61 (0.31) | 19.94 (0.44) | −0.33 (−0.50, −0.16) | <0.001 |
| Superior temporal gyrus left, mean (SD) cm3 | 13.61 (0.22) | 13.81 (0.31) | −0.20 (−0.32, −0.078) | 0.001 |
| Middle temporal gyrus right, mean (SD) cm3 | 27.46 (0.41) | 27.87 (0.59) | −0.41 (−0.64, −0.18) | <0.001 |
| Middle temporal gyrus left, mean (SD) cm3 | 28.93 (0.41) | 29.40 (0.60) | −0.47 (−0.71, −0.24) | <0.001 |
| Inferior temporal gyrus right, mean (SD) cm3 | 22.03 (0.33) | 22.33 (0.47) | −0.31 (−0.49, −0.12) | 0.001 |
| Inferior temporal gyrus left, mean (SD) cm3 | 18.40 (0.26) | 18.69 (0.40) | −0.29 (−0.45, −0.14) | <0.001 |
| Summed language regions, mean (SD) cm3 | 244.17 (3.43) | 248.11 (5.23) | −3.94 (−5.96, −1.92) | <0.001 |
Results adjusted for sex, intracranial volume, and age at MRI.
Bold values are significant at p < 0.05. All significant results remained after the Benjamini–Hochberg procedure.