Table 2.
Shared frailty survival analysis factors affecting under-five death using the recent 2019 EMDHS data. (n = 4426).
| Variable | Null model | Model I CHR 95% CI |
Model II AHR (95% CI) |
Model III AHR (95% CI) |
Model IV AHR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | |||||
| 15–19 | 1 | 1 | |||
| 20–24 | 5.40 (1.18, 24.67) | 1.06 (0.55, 2.08) | 0.72 (0.57, 0.92) | ||
| 25–29 | 3.49 (0.84, 14.42) | 0.48 (0.26, 0.86) | 0.69 (0.55, 0.87) | ||
| 30–34 | 3.59 (0.88, 14.58) | 0.27(0.15, 0.48) | 0.66 (0.52, 0.84) | ||
| 35–39 | 3.00 (0.73, 12.32) | 0.32 (0.176, 0.584) | 0.60 (0.47, 0.77) | ||
| 40–44 | 2.95 (0.71, 12.26) | 0.32(0.14, 0.52) | 0.66 (0.49, 0.89) | ||
| 45–49 | 1.78 (0.39, 8.03) | 0.31 (0.14, 0.66) | 0.46 (0.31, 0.69) | ||
| Sex of HH | |||||
| Male | 1 | 1 | |||
| Female | 1.03 (0.75, 1.43) | 1.24 (0.86, 1.79) | 0.70 (0.50, 0.99) | ||
| Current Breastfeeding | |||||
| No | 1 | 1 | |||
| Yes | 1.32 (0.99, 1.75) | 4.88 (3.58, 6.65) | 5.69 (2.28, 14.22) | ||
| Types of birth | |||||
| Single | 1 | 1 | |||
| Two | 7.91 (5.22, 11.97) | 0.48 (0.12, 1.97) | 12.42 (6.13, 25.16) | ||
| Three | 25.53 (8.14, 80.07) | 1.10 (0.29, 4.12) | 1.70 (1.13, 2.57) | ||
| Sex of child | |||||
| Male | 1 | 1 | |||
| Female | 1.32 (0.49, 3.58) | 1.32 (1.02, 1.70) | 1.25 (1.15, 8.21) | ||
| Education | |||||
| No education | 1 | 1 | |||
| Primary | 1.17 (0.78, 1.73) | 1.42 (1.08, 1.86) | 0.40 (0.25, 0.66) | ||
| Secondary | 1.57 (1.15, 2.14) | 0.85 (0.42, 1.72) | 0.25 (0.16, 0.41) | ||
| Higher | 2.14 (0.92, 4.99) | 0.73 (0.23, 2.36) | 0.24 (0.15, 0.40) | ||
| Wealth index | |||||
| Poorest | |||||
| Poorer | 0.89 (0.65, 1.22) | 0.85 (0.62, 1.17) | 0.51 (0.30, 0.87) | ||
| Middle | 0.90 (0.64, 1.27) | 0.84 (0.59, 1.19) | 0.32 (0.18, 0.59) | ||
| Rich | 0.81 (0.55, 1.18) | 0.75 (0.51, 1.11) | 0.40 (0.20, 0.80) | ||
| Richest | 0.70 (0.38, 1.30) | 0.66 (0.35, 1.24) | 0.42 (1.20, 0.92) | ||
| Children ever born | |||||
| 0–2 | 1 | 1 | |||
| 3–5 | 1.12 (0.82) | 0.75 (0.55, 1.03) | 2.63 (1.27, 5.40) | ||
| > 6 | 0.83 (0.62, 1.10) | 0.93 (0.67, 1.29) | 5.95 (3.42, 10.34) | ||
| Marital status | |||||
| Never union | 1 | 1 | |||
| Married | 3.30 (0.46, 23.57) | 0.34 (0.22, 0.45) | |||
| Living with partner | 3.36 (0.30, 37.03) | 0.79 (0.20, 0.83) | |||
| Separated | 2.70 (0.28, 25.93) | 20.23 (3.24, 22.35) | |||
| Divorced | 5.59 (0.73, 42.77) | 3.5 (2.25, 3.75) | |||
| Region | |||||
| Tigray | 1 | 1 | |||
| Affar | 2.47 (1.18, 5.20) | 2.57 (0.61, 10.78) | 1.40 (1.27, 7.38) | ||
| Amhara | 1.97 (0.91, 4.29) | 1.59 (0.44, 5.80) | 3.42 (2.79, 14.86) | ||
| Oromia | 2.65 (1.28, 5.47) | 2.60 (0.78, 8.58) | 1.26 (1.24, 4.94) | ||
| Somalia | 3.49 (1.68, 7.26) | 1.67 (0.41, 6.76) | 6.40 (3.42, 28.85) | ||
| Benishangul Gumuz | 3.85 (1.87, 7.90) | 3.52 (1.08, 11.5) | 1.59 (1.32, 7.85) | ||
| SNNPR | 1.88 (0.88, 3.10) | 1.62 (0.48, 5.47) | 2.19 (1.43, 11.14) | ||
| Gambella | 3.326 (1.58, 7.00) | 3.86 (1.14, 13.1) | 0.83 (0.39, 1.76) | ||
| Harar | 2.75 (1.19, 6.35) | 1.64 (0.42, 6.35) | 0.50 (0.23, 1.05) | ||
| Addis Ababa | 3.33 (1.48, 7.46) | 2.32 (0.60, 8.97) | 0.45 (0.20, 1.01) | ||
| Source of water | |||||
| Improved | 1 | 1 | |||
| Unimproved | 0.82 (0.64, 1.04) | 3.84 (1.13, 13.04) | |||