Table 2.

ANOVA analysis of the effect of species, explant age, bacterial strain, and IBA hormone on transformation efficiency (TE), average number of hairy roots (ANH), and secondary branches number (SBN).

Source of variation	df	TE	ANH	SBN
Species	1	**	**	**
Explant age	2	**	**	**
Bacterial strain	3	**	**	**
IBA hormone	1	ns	ns	ns
Block	2	**	**	ns
Species * explant age	2	**	**	**
Species * bacterial strain	3	**	**	**
Species * IBA hormone	1	ns	ns	ns
Explant age * bacterial strain	6	**	**	**
Explant age * IBA hormone	2	ns	ns	ns
Bacterial strain * IBA hormone	3	ns	ns	ns
Species * explant age * bacterial strain	6	**	**	**
Explant age * bacterial strain * IBA hormone	6	ns	ns	ns
Species * bacterial strain * IBA hormone	3	ns	ns	ns
Species * explant age * IBA hormone	2	ns	ns	ns
Species * explant age * bacterial strain * IBA hormone	6	ns	ns	ns
Error	94
Total	143

Ns not significant.

**Significant at p < 0.01.