Table 1.
Comparison of baseline characteristics in CSVD patients with intracerebral hemorrhage and without.
| Variables | ALL | without intracerebral hemorrhage | with intracerebral hemorrhage | p. overall |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (N = 414) | (N = 355) | (N = 59) | ||
| Demographic information | ||||
| Female, n (%) | 153 (37.0%) | 133 (37.4%) | 20 (33.9%) | 0.712 |
| Age, year# | 62.5 (10.4) | 62.6 (10.4) | 61.4 (10.5) | 0.411 |
| SBP, mmHg# | 141 (18.3) | 141 (18.4) | 140 (18.2) | 0.718 |
| DBP, mmHg# | 83.8 (11.7) | 84.2 (11.7) | 80.9 (11.4) | 0.046 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 333 (80.4%) | 282 (79.4%) | 51 (86.4%) | 0.281 |
| CHD, n (%) | 43 (10.4%) | 38 (10.7%) | 5 (8.47%) | 0.816 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 156 (37.7%) | 136 (38.3%) | 20 (33.9%) | 0.615 |
| IS/TIA, n (%) | 161 (39.3%) | 121 (34.3%) | 40 (70.2%) | < 0.001 |
| Hyperlipidemia, n (%) | 199 (48.5%) | 169 (48.1%) | 30 (50.8%) | 0.808 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 114 (27.5%) | 98 (27.6%) | 16 (27.1%) | 0.938 |
| Drinking, n (%) | 104 (25.1%) | 92 (25.9%) | 12 (20.3%) | 0.472 |
| Laboratory data | ||||
| WBC, x109L# | 6.70 (2.17) | 6.62 (2.02) | 7.20 (2.88) | 0.148 |
| Lymphocyte, x109L# | 1.80 (1.14) | 1.76 (0.58) | 2.03 (2.67) | 0.447 |
| Neutrophil, x109L# | 4.31 (2.02) | 4.23 (1.87) | 4.84 (2.72) | 0.105 |
| PLT, x109L# | 215 (63.5) | 214 (62.1) | 221 (71.5) | 0.520 |
| ALB, g/L# | 41.6 (3.94) | 41.7 (3.92) | 41.2 (4.07) | 0.382 |
| Fibrinogen, mg/dl# | 2.97 (0.69) | 2.97 (0.68) | 2.98 (0.77) | 0.907 |
| FBG, mmol/L# | 5.98 (2.21) | 5.96 (2.19) | 6.16 (2.30) | 0.553 |
| HbA1c, %# | 6.45 (1.81) | 6.47 (1.88) | 6.36 (1.29) | 0.589 |
| Homocysteine, μmol/L# | 16.4 (11.3) | 16.4 (11.2) | 16.4 (12.3) | 0.991 |
| TC, mmol/L# | 3.98 (1.13) | 4.02 (1.16) | 3.74 (0.95) | 0.053 |
| TG, mmol/L# | 1.45 (1.10) | 1.47 (1.13) | 1.35 (0.89) | 0.361 |
| HDL, mmol/L# | 1.12 (0.32) | 1.13 (0.33) | 1.07 (0.28) | 0.172 |
| LDL, mmol/L# | 2.45 (0.96) | 2.48 (0.97) | 2.26 (0.83) | 0.086 |
| eGFR, ml/min# | 91.3 (16.4) | 91.1 (16.1) | 93.1 (18.2) | 0.440 |
| P, mmol/L# | 1.14 (0.20) | 1.15 (0.20) | 1.10 (0.18) | 0.070 |
| Ca, mmol/L# | 2.27 (0.11) | 2.28 (0.11) | 2.24 (0.11) | 0.044 |
| Adjusted Ca, mmol/L# | 2.60 (0.50) | 2.62 (0.51) | 2.48 (0.47) | 0.044 |
| Ca * P, (mmol/L)2# | 2.60 (0.51) | 2.62 (0.51) | 2.47 (0.47) | 0.035 |
| Adjusted Ca * P, (mmol/L)2# | 3.07 (1.14) | 3.11 (1.16) | 2.80 (0.97) | 0.039 |
| Imaging features | ||||
| LI, n (%) | 217 (52.4%) | 183 (51.5%) | 34 (57.6%) | 0.469 |
| Microbleeds, n (%) | 248 (59.9%) | 202 (56.9%) | 46 (78.0%) | 0.004 |
| Number of CMBs > 5, n (%) | 49(11.8%) | 38(10.7%) | 11(18.6%) | 0.080 |
| Number of CMBs > 10, n (%) | 31(7.5%) | 23(6.5%) | 8(13.6%) | 0.056 |
| Location of microbleeds | ||||
| Cortex, n (%) | 97 (23.4%) | 77 (21.7%) | 20 (33.9%) | 0.060 |
| Deep, n (%) | 204 (49.3%) | 168 (47.3%) | 36 (61.0%) | 0.071 |
| Subtentorial, n (%) | 82 (19.8%) | 64 (18.0%) | 18 (30.5%) | 0.040 |
| HWMH, n (%) | 162 (39.1%) | 131 (36.9%) | 31 (52.5%) | 0.031 |
| Location of WMHs | ||||
| Paraventricular * | 1.00 [1.00; 2.00] | 1.00 [1.00; 2.00] | 1.00 [1.00; 2.00] | 0.092 |
| Deep * | 1.00 [0.00; 2.00] | 1.00 [0.00; 2.00] | 1.00 [0.00; 2.00] | 0.309 |
| Total * | 2.00 [1.00; 4.00] | 2.00 [1.00; 4.00] | 2.00 [1.00; 4.00] | 0.138 |
| HPVS, n (%) | 175 (42.3%) | 139 (39.1%) | 36 (61.0%) | 0.002 |
| Location of EPVS | ||||
| Centrum semiovale, n (%) | 42 (10.1%) | 35 (9.86%) | 7 (11.9%) | 0.811 |
| Basal ganglia n (%) | 371 (89.6%) | 316 (89.0%) | 55 (93.2%) | 0.453 |
| cSS, n (%) | 17 (4.1%) | 15 (4.2%) | 2 (3.4%) | 0.765 |
| Total CSVD burden* | 2.00 [1.00; 3.00] | 2.00 [1.00; 3.00] | 3.00 [2.00; 3.00] | < 0.001 |
SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, CHD coronary heart disease, IS ischemic stroke, TIA transient ischemic attack, WBC white blood cell, PLT platelet, ALB albumin, FBG fasting blood glucose, HbA1c glycation hemoglobin, TC total cholesterol, TG triglycerides, LDL low-density lipoprotein, HDL high-density lipoprotein, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, Ca calcium, P phosphorus, Ca * P calcium-phosphorus product, LI lacunar infarction, CMBs cerebral microbleeds, WMHs white matter hyperintensities, HWMH high-grade white matter hyperintensities, HPVS high-grade perivascular space, EPVS enlarged perivascular space, CSVD cerebral small vessel disease, cSS cortical superficial siderosis.
*: median (IQR); #: mean ± standard deviation.
Significant values are in bold.