. 2023 Oct 21;38(4):778–785. doi: 10.1038/s41433-023-02776-6

Table 2.

Changes in visual acuity and angles of temporal vascular arcades after vitrectomy and membrane peeling.

	Eyes with ERM (n = 84)	P-Value^a	EIFL Stage 2 (n = 7)	EIFL Stage 3 (n = 45)	EIFL Stage 4 (n = 32)	P-value^b
BCVA, logMAR
Preop	0.65 ± 0.37	-	0.42 ± 0.06^A	0.56 ± 0.06^A	0.83 ± 0.06^B	<0.001^*
Early postop	0.54 ± 0.41	0.006^*	0.43 ± 0.24	0.51 ± 0.42	0.62 ± 0.44	0.212
Late postop	0.34 ± 0.31	<0.001^*	0.35 ± 0.06	0.31 ± 0.04	0.37 ± 0.06	0.594
Change in BCVA, logMAR
Early postop	−0.11 ± 0.41	-	-0.08 ± 0.29	−0.05 ± 0.45	−0.20 ± 0.36	0.158
Late postop	−0.32 ± 0.42	-	-0.08 ± 0.08^A	−0.25 ± 0.07^A	−0.46 ± 0.06^B	0.003^*
Angle_vein
Preop	96.68 ± 20.61	-	93.12 ± 17.22	95.31 ± 21.38	99.34 ± 20.33	0.588
Early postop	103.74 ± 19.52	<0.001^*	95.45 ± 17.12	102.26 ± 20.15	107.64 ± 18.77	0.238
Late postop	105.79 ± 19.42	<0.001^*	95.42 ± 16.19	104.27 ± 20.33	110.21 ± 18.01	0.133
Change in Angle_vein
Early postop	7.08 ± 5.69	-	2.39 ± 2.11^A	7.43 ± 5.12^B	8.30 ± 5.63^B	0.007^*
Late postop	9.13 ± 7.21	-	2.80 ± 2.04^A	9.43 ± 6.69^B	10.87 ± 6.95^B	0.002^*
Angle_artery
Preop	85.72 ± 15.54	-	92.51 ± 10.22	85.08 ± 14.84	85.08 ± 17.39	0.437
Early postop	93.69 ± 13.79	<0.001^*	95.94 ± 6.91	92.91 ± 13.26	94.31 ± 15.73	0.797
Late postop	95.43 ± 13.71	<0.001^*	98.60 ± 9.87	94.17 ± 13.05	96.49 ± 15.38	0.560
Change in Angle_artery
Early postop	8.00 ± 6.04	-	4.69 ± 3.53^A	8.00 ± 5.93^A,B	9.22 ± 5.83^B	0.042^*
Late postop	13.16 ± 7.21	-	6.09 ± 3.21	9.32 ± 6.09	11.41 ± 7.36	0.069

Data are presented as the mean ± SD.

Angle_vein: angle of temporal venous arcades; Angle_artery: angle of temporal arterial arcades; Δangle_{vein (ou)}: difference of angle_vein between eyes with ERM and their fellow eyes; Δangle_{artery (ou)}: difference of angle_artery between eyes with ERM and their fellow eyes, ERM Epiretinal membrane, EIFL Ectopic inner foveal layer, preop Preoperative, BCVA Best-corrected visual acuity, logMAR logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution; Early postop: at 1–3 months postoperatively; Late postop: at 6–12 months postoperatively.

*Statistically significant P value.

^aWilcoxon signed ranks test while comparing preoperative and postoperative data.

^bKruskal-Wallis test and post hoc tests comparing EIFL stage 2, 3, and 4 were performed by Dunn’s test. ^A,BData denote by the same uppercase superscript letters are not statistically significantly different (P ≥ 0.05 by Kruskal-Wallis test).