Table 3.
Performance of the individual nomogram and single independent factors
|
|
AUC (95%CI)
|
Sensitivity
|
Specificity
|
PPV
|
NPV
|
Accuracy
|
| Nomogram | ||||||
| Training cohort | 0.918 (0.866-0.954) | 85.9 | 83.3 | 89.2 | 78.6 | 84.9 |
| Validation cohort | 0.874 (0.784-0.936) | 87.5 | 75.9 | 87.5 | 75.9 | 83.5 |
| CT-EMVI | ||||||
| Training cohort | 0.762 (0.691-0.824) | 58.5 | 93.9 | 93.9 | 58.5 | 72.1 |
| Validation cohort | 0.735 (0.628-0.825) | 64.3 | 82.8 | 87.8 | 54.5 | 70.6 |
| CT-T | ||||||
| Training cohort | 0.793 (0.725-0.851) | 78.3 | 80.3 | 86.5 | 69.7 | 79.1 |
| Validation cohort | 0.816 (0.717-0.892) | 83.9 | 79.3 | 88.7 | 71.9 | 82.4 |
| VP-70kev | ||||||
| Training cohort | 0.888 (0.831-0.931) | 84.9 | 71.2 | 82.6 | 74.6 | 79.7 |
| Validation cohort | 0.804 (0.703-0.882) | 92.9 | 55.2 | 80.0 | 80.0 | 80.0 |
| EP-NIC | ||||||
| Training cohort | 0.824 (0.758-0.877) | 82.1 | 62.1 | 77.7 | 68.3 | 74.4 |
| Validation cohort | 0.824 (0.726-0.898) | 85.7 | 58.6 | 80.0 | 68.0 | 76.5 |
CT-EMVI: Computed tomography-detected extramural vein invasion; VP-70 keV: Single-energy computed tomography value of 70 keV in the venous phase; EP-NIC: Ratio of the standardized iodine concentration in the equilibrium phase; AUC: Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve; CI: Confidence interval; PPV: Positive predictive value; NPV: Negative predictive value.