Fig. 6.

The gut microbiota modified by ginsenoside Rk3 (Rk3) were successfully colonized in mice. (A) Animal experimental design for fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). (B) Analysis of gut microbiome alpha diversity using Shannon index (n = 6). (C) Analysis of gut microbiome beta diversity using principal co-ordinates analysis (PCoA) (n = 6). (D) Analysis of gut microbiome beta diversity using non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) (n = 6). (E) Overview of gut microbial communities at the phylum level for each sample mice (n = 6). (F) The linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis with linear discriminant analysis (LDA) was used to identify the bacterial communities with differential abundance between the different groups of mice (n = 6). AOM: azoxymethane; DSS: dextran sulfate sodium; ABX: antibiotic cocktail; PCoA: principal co-ordinates analysis; NMDS: non-metric multidimensional scaling.