Table 2.
Pooled molecular prevalence of HMPV infection in China
| No. of studies | No. of tested samples | No. of positive samples | Heterogeneity | % (95 CI) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| χ2 | p-value | I2 (%) | ||||||
| Region | Guizhou province | 2 | 645 | 34 | 0.5 | 0.47 | 0 | 5.27% (3.55–6.99) |
| Chongqing city | 3 | 2374 | 337 | 460.8 | < 0.01 | 99.6% | 15.88% (14.41–17.35) | |
| Hongkong | 4 | 20,917 | 835 | 19.6 | < 0.01 | 84.7% | 3.99% (3.72–4.26) | |
| Liaoning | 1 | 300 | 10 | 1.2 | 0.27 | – | 3.33% (1.30–5.36) | |
| Beijing city | 9 | 26,396 | 777 | 159.2 | < 0.01 | 95.0% | 2.94% (2.04–2.74) | |
| Tianjin city | 1 | 310 | 20 | 2.2 | 0.14 | – | 6.45% (3.72–9.18) | |
| Ningxia province | 1 | 390 | 16 | 0.3 | 0.59 | – | 4.10% (2.13–6.07) | |
| Gansu province | 4 | 4629 | 187 | 4.1 | 0.04 | 26.8% | 4.04% (3.47–4.61) | |
| Shandong province | 2 | 3671 | 158 | 1.1 | 0.29 | 0.9% | 4.30% (3.64–4.96) | |
| Jiangsu province | 8 | 37,637 | 2355 | 157.8 | < 0.01 | 95.6% | 6.26% (6.02–6.50) | |
| Zhejiang province | 5 | 9846 | 537 | 47.2 | < 0.01 | 95.8% | 5.45% (5.00–5.89) | |
| Shanghai city | 3 | 6908 | 67 | 210.4 | < 0.01 | 98.6% | 0.97% (0.74–1.20) | |
| Guangdong province | 7 | 22,050 | 1094 | 3.5 | 0.06 | – | 4.96% (4.67–5.25) | |
| Hainan province | 1 | 243 | 7 | 1.8 | 0.19 | – | 2.88% (2.31–3.45) | |
| Jiangxi province | 1 | 2438 | 54 | 32.9 | < 0.01 | – | 2.21% (1.63–2.79) | |
| Hubei province | 2 | 7248 | 225 | 38.9 | < 0.01 | 97.4% | 3.10% (2.70–3.50) | |
| Hunan province | 3 | 6962 | 411 | 22.2 | < 0.01 | 91.0% | 5.90% (5.31–6.45) | |
| Henan province | 1 | 1021 | 72 | 12.8 | < 0.01 | – | 7.05% (5.48–8.62) | |
| Gender | Female | 16 | 35,669 | 1823 | 62.2 | < 0.01 | 75.9% | 5.11% (4.88–5.34) |
| Male | 16 | 57,468 | 2001 | 37.2 | < 0.01 | 59.7% | 3.48% (3.33–3.62) | |
| Age | < 6 months | 8 | 12,991 | 582 | 30.8 | < 0.01 | 77.3% | 4.48% (4.12–4.83) |
| 6 –12 months | 8 | 8771 | 371 | 12.4 | < 0.01 | 43.5% | 4.23% (3.81–4.65) | |
| 12 –36 months | 10 | 18,248 | 766 | 20.8 | < 0.01 | 56.7% | 4.20% (3.91–4.49) | |
| 36–60 months | 11 | 16,454 | 634 | 5.1 | 0.02 | – | 3.85% (3.56–4.14) | |
| > 60 months | 11 | 18,790 | 276 | 205.9 | < 0.01 | 95.1% | 1.47% (1.30–1.64) | |
| Season | Spring (Mar–May) | 5 | 3076 | 373 | 284.1 | < 0.01 | 98.6% | 12.13% (10.98–13.28) |
| Summer (Jun–Aug) | 5 | 3051 | 39 | 61.8 | < 0.01 | 93.5% | 1.28% (0.88–1.68) | |
| Autumn (Sep–Nov) | 5 | 3037 | 40 | 59.9 | < 0.01 | 93.3% | 1.32% (0.91–1.73) | |
| Winter (Jan–Feb, Dec) | 5 | 3994 | 147 | 2.6 | 0.11 | – | 3.68% (3.10–4.26) | |
| Case-type | Outpatient | 3 | 4852 | 156 | 0.7 | 0.39 | – | 3.22% (2.72–3.72) |
| Inpatient | 3 | 12,912 | 460 | 0.2 | 0.66 | – | 3.56% (3.24–3.88) | |