Table 1.
Baseline characteristics summarized according to subjects' glycemic status during follow-up
| Glucose status during follow-up | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Prediabetes | NFG | Diabetes | |
| No. of subjects | 10,305 | 11,278 | 3814 |
| Sex | |||
| Male | 7031 (68.23%) | 7087 (62.84%) | 2716 (71.21%) |
| Female | 3274 (31.77%) | 4191 (37.16%) | 1098 (28.79%) |
| Age, years | 52.00 (41.00–61.00) | 44.00 (34.00–56.00) | 53.00 (43.00–62.00) |
| Height, cm | 166.56 (8.32) | 166.75 (8.40) | 166.92 (8.28) |
| Weight, kg | 69.40 (61.00–77.50) | 67.00 (58.80–75.38) | 72.00 (64.00–80.00) |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 25.08 (3.25) | 24.19 (3.31) | 25.92 (3.43) |
| SBP, mmHg | 129.12 (17.83) | 124.18 (16.77) | 131.11 (17.98) |
| DBP, mmHg | 79.46 (11.24) | 76.74 (10.77) | 80.51 (11.31) |
| FPG, mmol/L | 5.99 (0.32) | 5.83 (0.24) | 6.15 (0.37) |
| TC, mmol/L | 5.03 (0.95) | 4.90 (0.95) | 5.07 (0.99) |
| TG, mmol/L | 1.50 (1.02–2.21) | 1.28 (0.87–1.92) | 1.68 (1.14–2.49) |
| HDL-C, mmol/L | 1.31 (1.13–1.51) | 1.34 (1.15–1.54) | 1.29 (1.09–1.50) |
| LDL-C, mmol/L | 2.91 (2.47–3.37) | 2.84 (2.41–3.33) | 2.89 (2.43–3.40) |
| TyG index | 8.89 (0.61) | 8.73 (0.62) | 9.03 (0.61) |
| TyG-BMI | 223.73 (36.74) | 211.89 (37.27) | 234.69 (38.41) |
| ALT, U/L | 22.90 (16.00–33.40) | 20.30 (14.20–31.00) | 25.00 (18.00–38.60) |
| AST, U/L | 24.00 (20.00–29.00) | 23.60 (19.60–29.00) | 25.00 (21.00–31.70) |
| BUN, mmol/L | 4.91 (4.18–5.80) | 4.80 (4.03–5.68) | 4.90 (4.13–5.78) |
| Cr, umol/L | 73.10 (62.00–83.72) | 72.00 (60.00–82.60) | 72.70 (62.00–82.70) |
| Family history of diabetes | 236 (2.29%) | 244 (2.16%) | 140 (3.67%) |
| Smoking status | |||
| Current | 926 (8.99%) | 877 (7.78%) | 377 (9.88%) |
| Past | 136 (1.32%) | 193 (1.71%) | 69 (1.81%) |
| Never | 2362 (22.92%) | 2903 (25.74%) | 724 (18.98%) |
| Not recorded | 6881 (66.77%) | 7305 (64.77%) | 2644 (69.32%) |
| Drinking status | |||
| Current | 148 (1.44%) | 135 (1.20%) | 55 (1.44%) |
| Past | 568 (5.51%) | 732 (6.49%) | 199 (5.22%) |
| Never | 2708 (26.28%) | 3106 (27.54%) | 916 (24.02%) |
| Not recorded | 6881 (66.77%) | 7305 (64.77%) | 2644 (69.32%) |
Values were expressed as mean (standard deviation) or medians (quartile interval) or n (%)
Abbreviations: NFG normal fasting glucose, BMI body mass index, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, FPG fasting plasma glucose, TG triglyceride, TC total cholesterol, HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, TyG index triglyceride-glucose index, TyG-BMI triglyceride glucose-body mass index, ALT alanine aminotransferase, AST aspartate aminotransferase BUN blood urea nitrogen Cr creatinine