Table 4.
Prevalence and correlates of most trusted source for clinical trials-related health information by demographics, health status, and health communication behaviors
| Prevalencea | Prevalence | ORb | AORc | Prevalence | ORd | AORe | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||||||
| Correlates | Providers | Health Orgsf | Health Orgs Compared to Providers | Health Orgs Compared to Providers | Social Supportg | Social Support Compared to Providers | Social Support Compared to Providers | ||
|
| |||||||||
| % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | |||
|
| |||||||||
| Entire Sample | 73.6 (71.0, 76.0) | 19.4 (17.2, 21.7) | -- | -- | 7.1 (5.8, 8.6) | -- | -- | ||
| Demographics | |||||||||
| Gender | |||||||||
| Male | 73.0 (68.8, 76.8) | 19.8 (16.5, 23.6) | Ref | Ref | 7.2 (5.1, 10.0) | Ref | Ref | ||
| Female | 75.0 (72.0, 77.8) | 17.9 (15.5, 20.7) | 0.88 (0.67, 1.15) | 1.18 (0.86, 1.63) | 7.1 (5.5, 9.1) | 0.96 (0.61, 1.52) | 0.91 (0.56, 1.48) | ||
| Race/Ethnicity | |||||||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 74.8 (71.5, 77.8) | 18.1 (15.5, 21.0) | Ref | Ref | 7.1 (5.4, 9.4) | Ref | Ref | ||
| Non-Hispanic Black | 76.0 (69.7, 81.3) | 18.0 (13.4, 23.7) | 0.98 (0.68, 1.43) | 1.13 (0.72, 1.77) | 6.0 (3.6, 10.0) | 0.83 (0.45, 1.54) | 1.31 (0.61, 2.79) | ||
| Hispanic | 66.9 (59.9, 73.3) | 25.6 (19.7, 32.5) | 1.58* (1.07, 2.35) | 1.76* (1.06, 2.92) | 7.5 (4.6, 11.8) | 1.17 (0.66, 2.07) | 1.03 (0.49, 2.16) | ||
| Non-Hispanic Asian | 71.7 (57.9, 81.5) | 22.7 (13.6, 35.6) | 1.32 (0.68, 2.59) | 1.43 (0.68, 3.01) | 6.1 (2.3, 15.5) | 0.91 (0.29, 2.83) | 1.04 (0.32, 3.43) | ||
| Non-Hispanic Other | 64.8 (47.9, 78.7) | 23.5 (12.5, 39.8) | 1.50 (0.68, 3.32) | 0.84 (0.34, 2.08) | 11.7 (4.9, 25.5) | 1.89 (0.67, 5.31) | 0.72 (0.17, 3.05) | ||
| Age | |||||||||
| 18–34 | 68.9 (61.6, 75.3) | 24.4 (19.1, 30.7) | Ref | Ref | 6.7 (3.8, 11.5) | Ref | Ref | ||
| 35–49 | 69.9 (64.2, 75.0) | 22.1 (17.7, 27.1) | 0.89 (0.58, 1.38) | 0.88 (0.57, 1.37) | 8.1 (5.4, 11.9) | 1.18 (0.54, 2.61) | 0.98 (0.44, 2.22) | ||
| 50–64 | 76.3 (72.3, 79.9) | 15.7 (12.7, 19.3) | 0.58** (0.39, 0.86) | 0.64 (0.40, 1.02) | 8.0 (6.0, 10.5) | 1.08 (0.54, 2.17) | 0.82 (0.40, 1.66) | ||
| 65–74 | 78.8 (74.3, 82.8) | 16.0 (13.0, 19.5) | 0.57** (0.39, 0.85) | 0.69 (0.41, 1.15) | 5.2 (3.1, 8.4) | 0.68 (0.29, 1.58) | 1.07 (0.44, 2.64) | ||
| 75+ | 80.3 (73.3, 85.6) | 14.4 (9.4, 21.4) | 0.51* (0.27, 0.94) | 1.29 (0.51, 3.29) | 5.3 (3.5, 7.9) | 0.68 (0.31, 1.50) | 1.83 (0.73, 4.60) | ||
| Education | |||||||||
| Less than HS | 84.0 (74.4, 90.5) | 11.8 (6.2, 21.4) | Ref | Ref | 4.2 (1.7, 9.7) | Ref | Ref | ||
| HS Grad | 84.9 (79.7, 89.0) | 9.0 (6.0, 13.2) | 0.75 (0.32, 1.78) | 0.90 (0.28, 2.86) | 6.2 (3.6, 10.3) | 1.47 (0.50, 4.29) | 0.86 (0.23, 3.32) | ||
| Some College | 68.3 (63.5, 72.8) | 22.5 (18.4, 27.2) | 2.34* (1.08, 5.07) | 3.38* (1.18, 9.66) | 9.2 (6.6, 12.6) | 2.71* (1.05, 7.04) | 1.69 (0.53, 5.45) | ||
| Bachelor’s Degree or Higher | 69.5 (65.2, 73.4) | 25.0 (21.4, 29.0) | 2.56* (1.20, 5.49) | 3.84* (1.32, 11.14) | 5.5 (4.3, 7.0) | 1.61 (0.61, 4.26) | 0.80 (0.21, 3.02) | ||
| Income | |||||||||
| < $20,000 | 75.1 (68.0, 81.1) | 21.6 (15.8, 28.7) | Ref | Ref | 3.3 (2.0, 5.5) | Ref | Ref | ||
| $20,000–35,000 | 74.9 (68.4, 80.4) | 18.6 (13.3, 25.2) | 0.86 (0.50, 1.49) | 0.55 (0.28, 1.08) | 6.5 (3.7, 11.4) | 1.98 (0.87, 4.51) | 2.27 (0.79, 6.53) | ||
| $35,000–50,000 | 75.9 (68.1, 82.3) | 17.7 (11.9, 25.6) | 0.82 (0.45, 1.47) | 0.58 (0.28, 1.19) | 6.3 (3.7, 10.7) | 1.90 (0.87, 4.15) | 3.36* (1.18, 9.55) | ||
| $50,000–75,000 | 76.3 (69.7, 81.9) | 18.8 (14.0, 24.8) | 0.86 (0.51, 1.45) | 0.48* (0.26, 0.89) | 4.8 (3.1, 7.5) | 1.43 (0.69, 2.96) | 1.43 (0.54, 3.83) | ||
| $75,000+ | 70.0 (65.6, 74.1) | 20.1 (16.6, 24.1) | 1.00 (0.63, 1.58) | 0.44** (0.23, 0.77) | 9.9 (7.3, 13.4) | 3.23*** (1.70, 6.11) | 4.19** (1.63, 10.76) | ||
| Urban-Rural | |||||||||
| Small town/rural | 75.3 (62.1, 85.1) | 20.9 (11.4, 35.3) | Ref | Ref | 7.2 (5.8, 9.0) | Ref | Ref | ||
| Micropolitan | 83.1 (76.8, 88.0) | 9.8 (6.4, 14.7) | 0.42* (0.19, 0.94) | 0.37* (0.15, 0.95) | 7.1 (4.2, 11.7) | 1.74 (0.69, 4.38) | 2.27 (0.50, 10.29) | ||
| Metropolitan | 72.6 (69.6, 75.4) | 20.2 (17.7, 22.9) | 1.00 (0.46, 2.16) | 0.71 (0.30, 1.69) | 3.7 (1.7, 8.1) | 2.02 (0.87, 4.72) | 2.30 (0.60, 8.73) | ||
| Cancer History | |||||||||
| No | 72.6 (69.7, 75.2) | 20.0 (17.7, 22.6) | Ref | Ref | 7.4 (6.0, 9.1) | Ref | Ref | ||
| Yes | 80.5 (75.4, 84.8) | 15.3 (11.2, 20.6) | 0.69 (0.47, 1.01) | 0.84 (0.49, 1.44) | 4.2 (2.7, 6.4) | 0.51** (0.32, 0.83) | 0.81 (0.46, 1.42) | ||
| Discuss with Healthcare Providers | |||||||||
| Emailed to communicate with healthcare providers | |||||||||
| No | 74.6 (70.9, 78.0) | 17.0 (14.2, 20.3) | Ref | Ref | 8.4 (6.2, 11.4) | Ref | Ref | ||
| Yes | 72.1 (68.3, 75.6) | 22.2 (19.1, 25.8) | 1.36* (1.02, 1.81) | 1.06 (0.75, 1.50) | 5.7 (4.4, 7.3) | 0.70 (0.44, 1.11) | 0.60 (0.35, 1.03) | ||
| Used a tablet or smartphone to help with discussions with health care provider | |||||||||
| No | 71.1 (67.2, 74.6) | 20.0 (16.8, 23.5) | Ref | Ref | 9.0 (6.8, 11.7) | Ref | Ref | ||
| Yes | 74.9 (70.8, 78.6) | 20.4 (16.8, 23.50 | 0.97 (0.72, 1.31) | 0.71 (0.50, 1.01) | 4.7 (3.3, 6.4) | 0.49** (0.31, 0.79) | 0.53 (0.28, 1.00) | ||
| Seek Health Information | |||||||||
| Use Internet to look for health-related information | |||||||||
| No | 82.9 (78.4, 86.6) | 12.1 (8.9, 16.3) | Ref | Ref | 4.9 (3.4, 7.1) | Ref | Ref | ||
| Yes | 70.0 (66.9, 72.8) | 22.1 (19.5, 25.0) | 2.16*** (1.47, 3.18) | 1.67* (1.00, 2.77) | 7.9 (6.3, 9.9) | 1.90** (1.18, 3.06) | 1.77 (0.80, 3.93) | ||
| Used tablet or smartphone to make decisions about health | |||||||||
| No | 73.6 (69.8, 77.1) | 19.1 (16.0, 22.6) | Ref | Ref | 7.3 (5.6, 9.5) | Ref | Ref | ||
| Yes | 71.2 (66.8, 75.2) | 21.6 (17.9, 25.8) | 1.17 (0.85, 1.61) | 0.86 (0.63, 1.18) | 7.2 (4.9, 10.5) | 1.02 (0.61, 1.72) | 0.93 (0.46, 1.90) | ||
| Visited a social networking site e.g., Facebook | |||||||||
| No | 78.7 (74.1, 82.6) | 16.3 (12.7, 20.7) | Ref | Ref | 5.0 (3.6, 7.1) | Ref | Ref | ||
| Yes | 71.7 (68.4, 74.8) | 20.9 (18.1, 23.9) | 1.41 (0.99, 2.00) | 1.19 (0.73, 1.94) | 7.4 (5.8, 9.4) | 1.61* (1.01, 2.56) | 1.28 (0.67, 2.45) | ||
| Watch health-related videos on Youtube | |||||||||
| No | 78.7 (75.5, 81.5) | 15.9 (13.3, 19.0) | Ref | Ref | 5.4 (4.1, 7.0) | Ref | Ref | ||
| Yes | 65.8 (60.8, 70.5) | 25.1 (21.1, 29.6) | 1.88*** (1.34, 2.63) | 1.51* (1.03, 2.21) | 9.1 (6.6, 12.3) | 2.01** (1.27, 3.18) | 2.28** (1.29, 4.02) | ||
| Share Information | |||||||||
| Use social network to share health-related info | |||||||||
| No | 73.6 (70.7, 76.3) | 19.6 (17.0, 22.4) | Ref | Ref | 6.8 (5.4, 8.5) | Ref | Ref | ||
| Yes | 72.4 (65.2, 78.5) | 20.7 (15.0, 27.8) | 1.08 (0.68, 1.69) | 0.85 (0.51, 1.41) | 7.0 (4.5, 10.6) | 1.04 (0.62, 1.75) | 0.91 (0.50, 1.64) | ||
| Use health-related online forum or support group | |||||||||
| No | 74.6 (71.8, 77.1) | 18.9 (16.7, 21.3) | Ref | Ref | 6.5 (5.2, 8.2) | Ref | Ref | ||
| Yes | 63.1 (53.8, 71.6) | 27.4 (19.1, 37.7) | 1.71* (1.05, 2.80) | 1.19 (0.69, 2.06) | 9.4 (5.8, 15.0) | 1.70 (0.94, 3.08) | 1.45 (0.72, 2.92) | ||
prevalence estimates of percentages (with 95% confidence intervals) generated by cross-classifications of correlate response options by most trusted information source
odds ratios (unadjusted) from logistic regression models testing differences in correlate response options by levels of most trusted information source (for this column, comparing Health Organizations to Providers (reference))
adjusted odds ratio estimates from a single logistic regression model testing differences in correlate response options by most trusted information source (for this column, comparing Health Organizations to Providers (reference))
odds ratios (unadjusted) from logistic regression models testing differences in correlate response options by levels of most trusted information source (for this column, comparing Social Support to Providers (reference))
adjusted odds ratio estimates from a single logistic regression model testing differences in correlate response options by most trusted information source (for this column, comparing Social Support to Providers (reference))
combined response options “government health agencies” and “health organizations”
combined response options “my family and friends” and “disease support groups”
Note. CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; AOR, odds ratio; Ref, reference category.
= p<.001;
= p<.01;
= p<.05