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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Ear Hear. 2023 Nov 13;45(2):441–450. doi: 10.1097/AUD.0000000000001440

TABLE 3.

Generalized additive mixed model summary for the pupillometry test data recalled accurately, showing the effects of spectral resolution (SR) and age on pupil dilation (significant effects are shown in bold; edf = estimated degrees of freedom; Ref.df = reference degrees of freedom).

Parametric Terms (Curve Height) Estimate SE t p
Intercept (YNH, U) −0.51 1.11 −0.46 0.64
SR (V32) −0.06 0.96 −0.07 0.95
SR (V16) 0.65 0.72 0.91 0.36
SR (V8) 1.68 1.14 1.48 0.14
Age (ONH) −1.67 1.54 −1.09 0.28
SR (V32) × Age (ONH) 2.74 1.37 2.00 0.046
SR (V16) × Age (ONH) 1.80 1.04 1.73 0.08
SR (V8) × Age (ONH) 3.40 1.63 2.09 0.04
Smooth Terms (Curve Shape) edf Ref.df F p
Time 3.70 4.07 0.65 0.71
Time × SR (V32) 2.84 3.32 0.20 0.86
Time × SR (V16) 1.84 2.03 0.44 0.72
Time × SR (V8) 1.02 1.02 0.91 0.34
Time × Age (ONH) 3.74 4.20 0.61 0.74
Time × SR (V32) × Age (ONH) 4.37 5.16 1.18 0.32
Time × SR (V16) × Age (ONH) 3.81 4.39 0.31 0.89
Time × SR (V8) × Age (ONH) 6.51 7.32 2.33 0.03
Pupil Position (X, Y) 293.19 298.67 103.68 < 0.001
Random Effect of Time by Subject 199.03 300.00 5.11 < 0.001
Random Effect of Time by Subject by V32 142.03 298.00 1.62 < 0.001
Random Effect of Time by Subject by V16 160.10 298.00 1.66 < 0.001
Random Effect of Time by Subject by V8 156.53 298.00 1.88 < 0.001
Random Effect of Time by Sentence 882.67 1600.00 2.24 < 0.001