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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Dev Psychol. 2024 Jan 8;60(3):545–559. doi: 10.1037/dev0001689

Table 1.

Bivariate Correlations and Descriptive Statistics

Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

Wave 1

1. Gender -
2. Age .05 -
3. BAS −.17^ .01 -
4. BIS .02 .04 .02 -
5. OP −.14^ .09 .22 −.0002 -
6. CP −.28 .05 .26 .04 .61 -

Wave 2

7. BAS −.15^ .001 .79 −.0002 .20 .19 -
8. BIS .10 .04 −.04 .81 −.02 .01 .01 -
9. OP −.08 .03 .23 −.04 .57 .45 .19 −.06 -
10. CP −.24 .02 .26 −.01 .50 .65 .19 −.02 .66 -

Wave 3

11. BAS −.10* .03 .76 −.02 .18 .21 .77 −.02 .22 .24 -
12. BIS .13^ .07 .03 .74 .05 .04 −.0002 .79 −.02 .0003 .07 -
13. OP .02 .09 .21 −.001 .52 .38 .18 −.01 .70 .56 .24 .04 -
14. CP −.15 .06 .25 .02 .38 .49 .17 .01 .55 .69 .25 .05 .69 -

Waves 1–3

15. Anx .02 .05 −.005 .12* .36 .36 −.02 .16^ .44 .40 −.005 .16^ .44 .33 -
16. Dep −.12* .02 .16^ .08 .45 .51 .16^ .13* .47 .56 .15^ .12* .51 .52 .67 -

Mean 0.55 11.61 3.15 2.71 0.46 0.12 3.10 2.67 0.49 0.15 3.06 2.61 0.52 0.16 0.34 0.21
SD 0.50 0.55 0.46 0.53 0.34 0.15 0.44 0.54 0.37 0.16 0.48 0.50 0.41 0.18 0.27 0.20
Skew −0.20 0.13 −0.01 0.37 0.55 1.59 0.11 0.48 0.51 1.29 0.06 0.53 0.54 1.31 0.88 1.47
Kurtosis −1.97 −.092 0.36 −0.09 −0.15 2.40 0.13 0.53 −0.22 1.24 0.06 0.40 −0.30 1.33 0.44 2.17

Note. Winsorized CP are reported. BAS = Behavioral activation system, BIS = Behavioral inhibition system, OP = Oppositional problems, CP = Conduct problems, Anx = Anxiety problems, Dep = Depressive problems.

*

= p < .05,

^

= p < .01, Bolded = p <.001.