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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Appl Gerontol. 2023 Dec 12;43(4):454–464. doi: 10.1177/07334648231211742

Table 2.

Scale variables measured on both driver and study partner at pre- and post-intervention are summarized. Differences between driver and study partner responses are tested with paired t-tests for continuous variables and McNemar’s tests for binary variables. Concordance (95% CI) is presented with Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient to measure agreement in continuous variables and Cohen’s kappa statistic for binary variables; it is not presented for variables with >2 levels.

N (%) or mean (SD) Driver (N = 228) Study partner (N = 228) p value Concordance measure (95% CI)
Pre-intervention
Decisional conflict scale (DCS) score a 18.5 (12.3) 20.5 (16.8) 0.087 0.17 (0.04, 0.29)
DCS < 25 143 (65.0%) 131 (58.2%) 0.122 0.09 (−0.04, 0.22)
 DCS subscale: informed 18.3 (15.7) 21.2 (20.4) 0.088 0.02 (−0.10, 0.15)
 DCS subscale: values clarity 19.0 (15.9) 18.8 (19.5) 0.926 0.10 (−0.03, 0.23)
 DCS subscale: support 16.8 (14.9) 17.5 (16.9) 0.643 0.08 (−0.05, 0.21)
 DCS subscale: uncertainty 23.5 (19.7) 24.7 (23.1) 0.530 0.19 (0.06, 0.31)
 DCS subscale: effective decision 15.9 (13.2) 20.0 (18.2) 0.003 0.14 (0.02, 0.26)
When you think about [the driver] driving, which way are you leaning? 6.6 (0.9) 6.3 (1.3) <0.001 0.19 (0.07, 0.30)
 1 (Leaning Toward Stopping Driving) 0 (0.0%) 3 (1.3%)
 2 2 (0.9%) 2 (0.9%)
 3 1 (0.4%) 7 (3.1%)
 4 (Undecided) 9 (3.9%) 10 (4.4%)
 5 9 (3.9%) 18 (7.9%)
 6 23 (10.1%) 41 (18.0%)
 7 (Leaning Toward Continuing Driving) 184 (80.7%) 147 (64.5%)
Post-intervention
Decisional conflict scale (DCS) score a 14.2 (13.4) 16.7 (14.9) 0.024 0.22 (0.09, 0.34)
DCS < 25 162 (71.7%) 143 (63.3%) 0.050 0.05 (−0.08, 0.18)
 DCS subscale: informed 11.7 (15.0) 14.3 (15.7) 0.051 0.14 (0.02, 0.27)
 DCS subscale: values clarity 13.1 (15.1) 14.5 (16.0) 0.278 0.18 (0.06, 0.31)
 DCS subscale: support 12.9 (15.6) 15.1 (16.2) 0.131 0.11 (−0.02, 0.24)
 DCS subscale: uncertainty 18.6 (18.7) 21.8 (21.6) 0.061 0.22 (0.09, 0.33)
 DCS subscale: effective decision 14.2 (14.3) 17.4 (16.2) 0.013 0.22 (0.09, 0.33)
When you think about [the driver] driving, which way are you leaning? b 6.7 (0.7) 6.2 (1.2) <0.001 0.15 (0.05, 0.25)
 1 (Leaning Toward Stopping Driving) 0 (0.0%) 2 (0.9%)
 2 0 (0.0%) 2 (0.9%)
 3 1 (0.4%) 8 (3.5%)
 4 (Undecided) 5 (2.2%) 10 (4.4%)
 5 6 (2.6%) 22 (9.7%)
 6 40 (17.6%) 57 (25.1%)
 7 (Leaning Toward Continuing Driving) 175 (77.1%) 126 (55.5%)

Note.

a

DCS scores could be calculated at pre-intervention for N = 220 drivers and N = 225 study partners and for N = 226 drivers and N = 226 study partners post-intervention. Total DCS scores could not be calculated for those missing any number of components of the 16 DCS questions.

b

The denominator for both drivers and study partners was N = 227 when asked which way they were leaning about driving post-intervention.