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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Patient Educ Couns. 2024 Jan 11;122:108143. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2024.108143

Table 5.

Factors Associated with Decision to Screen for Lung Cancer (N=529)

Variable Bivariable Model Multivariable Modela

Age 1.13 (1.05, 1.22); p=.0009 1.12 (1.04, 1.22);p=.0050

Gender
 Female (n=235) 0.73 (0.33, 1.62); p=.4364
 Male (n=294) Reference

Race
 White (n=463) 1.36 (0.45, 4.09); p=.5863
 Non-White (n=66) Reference

Education
 Less than high school (n=20) >99 (<0.1, >999); p=.9998
 High school graduate or equivalent (n=94) 0.59 (0.19,1.80); p=.3507
 Some college (n=233) 0.74 (0.28, 1.91); p=.5297
 College graduate or higher (n=182) reference

Perceived Financial Adequacy
 Enough for special things (n=288) 0.79 (0.35, 1.79); p=.5684
 Barely or Not Enough (n=241) Reference

Family History of Lung Cancer
 Yes (n=143) 0.64 (0.28, 1.49); p=.3044
 No (n=386) Reference

Smoking Status
 Currently Smokes (n=233) 1.00 (0.45, 2.25); p=.9963
 Used to Smoke (n=296) reference

Knowledge: Lung Cancer Risk & Screening 0.97 (0.63, 1.51); p=.9092

Lung Cancer Screening Health Beliefs

  Perceived Risk of Lung Cancer 0.82 (0.64, 1.05); p=.1099 0.93 (0.69, 1.25); p=.6146

  Perceived Benefits of Lung Cancer Screening 0.80 (0.71, 0.92); p=.0011 0.87 (0.74, 1.02); p=.0787

  Perceived Barriers to Lung Cancer Screening 1.07 (1.02, 1.12); p=.0068 1.02 (0.95, 1.09); p=.5594

  Self-Efficacy for Lung Cancer Screening 1.14 (1.06, 1.23); p=.0008 1.11 (1.00, 1.23); p=.0407

Psychological Characteristics

Stigma 0.89 (0.76, 1.04); p=.1464 0.91 (0.76, 1.08); p=.2677

Mistrust (Trust) 0.93 (0.81, 1.07); p=.2953

Perception that Lung Cancer Screening Decision was Shared 1.00 (0.99, 1.01); p=.8695
a

Multivariable model includes independent variables that had p<.20 from bivariate models.

Values are OR (95% CI) from logistic regression models of decision to opt-in (n=504, 95.3%) versus deciding to not opt-in (n=25, 4.7%).

The odds ratio (OR) for continuous predictors is per a 1-point increase.