Table 2.

Descriptive statistics for measures of structural barriers to health care by maternal race, with tests of racial differences in exposure.

County measures	Black births (n=1,543,961) Mean ±SD	White births (n=4,869,255) Mean ±SD	Racial difference^b Cohen’s D
Same-race physicians (per 1000 residents)^a	0.66 ±0.33	1.72 ±1.10	1.08
Residents in primary care shortage area (%)^a	29.01 ±16.33	23.79 ±13.820	0.36
Uninsurance rate, adults aged 18–44 (%)^a	20.07 ±5.78	14.74 ±6.43	0.85
Sufficiency of publicly-funded contraceptives (%)	27.00 ±16.74	26.67 ±17.89	0.02
Public health expenditures ($100s per resident)	1.70 ±2.19	1.49 ±1.92	0.10

Race-specific measurement.

All racial differences significant at p < .05 based on independent

samples t-tests.