Table 3:
Results of fully adjusted GEE regression models of the association of heavy alcohol use and drug use with fall, number of falls, fracture, and ED/hospitalization for a fall or fracture among people with HIV a
| Fall, any | Number of falls e | Fracture, any | ED/hospitalization for a fall or fracture | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| Heavy alcohol use b | 1.49 (1.08, 2.07) | 1.55 (1.10, 2.19) | 1.23 (0.66, 2.27) | 1.81 (1.10, 2.97) |
| Illicit drug use c | ||||
| Opioid use | 1.38 (0.88, 2.16) | 1.17 (0.69, 1.99) | 2.22 (1.08, 4.57) | 0.88 (0.39, 1.98) |
| Sedative use | 1.73 (1.01, 2.96) | 2.21 (1.32, 3.71) | 1.66 (0.55, 5.05) | 2.54 (1.12, 5.80) |
| Cocaine use | 0.76 (0.46, 1.24) | 1.13 (0.65, 1.95) | 1.15 (0.44, 2.99) | 0.67 (0.34, 1.32) |
| Older age | 1.02 (1.00, 1.05) | 1.02 (1.00, 1.05) | 1.02 (0.97, 1.06) | 1.05 (1.01, 1.09) |
| Female vs male | 1.58 (1.02, 2.42) | 1.69 (1.06, 2.71) | 1.55 (0.56, 4.27) | 2.02 (1.07, 3.80) |
| Race/ethnicity d | ||||
| Hispanic | 0.42 (0.22, 0.82) | 0.51 (0.25, 1.00) | 0.91 (0.34, 2.45) | 0.33 (0.13, 0.81) |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 0.41 (0.25, 0.69) | 0.41 (0.25, 0.68) | 0.56 (0.29, 1.08) | 0.40 (0.21, 0.77) |
| Multiracial or other | 1.10 (0.50, 2.43) | 1.18 (0.49, 2.81) | 1.39 (0.31, 6.30) | 1.77 (0.68, 4.58) |
| Homeless | 1.82 (1.13, 2.93) | 2.15 (1.27, 3.63) | 2.60 (1.09, 6.23) | 3.09 (1.59, 6.03) |
| BMI | ||||
| Obese | 1.35 (0.85, 2.13) | 1.26 (0.78, 2.05) | 1.52 (0.57, 4.07) | 1.21 (0.63, 2.32) |
| Underweight | 1.08 (0.54, 2.14) | 0.92 (0.42, 2.00) | 3.16 (0.66, 15.05) | 1.97 (0.49, 7.99) |
| CD4<200 | 1.37 (0.72, 2.61) | 1.19 (0.60, 2.37) | 2.17 (0.97, 4.85) | 1.53 (0.72, 3.25) |
| HIV viral suppression | 0.92 (0.48, 1.77) | 0.85 (0.41, 1.76) | 1.36 (0.44, 4.20) | 0.90 (0.38, 2.13) |
| Charlson score | ||||
| 10+ vs 6 | 0.97 (0.51, 1.84) | 1.34 (0.64, 2.82) | 0.48 (0.11, 2.02) | 0.79 (0.29, 2.16) |
| 8-9 vs 6 | 0.98 (0.55, 1.75) | 0.98 (0.50, 1.93) | 0.58 (0.14, 2.40) | 0.76 (0.31, 1.85) |
| 7 vs 6 | 0.80 (0.46, 1.41) | 0.81 (0.43, 1.52) | 1.16 (0.39, 3.51) | 0.77 (0.33, 1.78) |
| Depressive symptoms | 1.60 (1.13, 2.27) |
2.28 (1.57, 3.31)
|
1.17 (0.65, 2.10) | 1.66 (1.08, 2.54) |
Adjusted odds ratios (95%Confidence Intervals) were calculated using separate GEE logistic regression models for each outcome and each alcohol or drug use measure. Number of falls was analyzed using GEE ordinal logistic regression. Models include all variables listed in the table. Bolded text indicates p<0.05.
Timeline Followback for past 14 days. Exceeds NIAAA weekly and/or daily limits.
Addiction Severity Index, past 30 days. Includes misuse of opioid and sedative medications prescribed to the participant.
White, non-Hispanic is referent
Multiple falls modeled as a 3-level categorical variable: 1, 2, 3 or more falls.