FIGURE 1.

Study flowchart showing a comparison of clinicopathologic and genomic characteristics between nondrinking, nonsmoking females who underwent ESD for ESCC and those who drink and/or smoke. DS, drinker and/ or smoker; ESCC, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; ESD, endoscopic submucosal dissection; NDNS, nondrinker nonsmoker.