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. 2024 Feb 8;27(2):126–133. doi: 10.4103/JCDE.JCDE_248_23

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Illustration of various surface treatments. (a) Ion implantation, (b) plasma immersion ion implantation, (c) thermal nitridation, (d) surface morphology of NiTi file before and after surface treatment. NiTi: Nickel–titanium