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. 2024 Mar 8;10(10):eadk6084. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adk6084

Fig. 2. Mg2+ improves chondrocytic phenotype in cartilage tissues from patients with OA.

Fig. 2.

(A) A representative radiograph of a patient with OA (patient 3). The red square represents the area of cartilage used for the experiment. Microscopic photographs of COL2A1 (B) and SOX9 (C) immunostaining in osteoarthritic tissues treated with/without Mg2+ (10 mM) for 24 hours, and (D) the corresponding quantitative results (n = 6). Scale bars, 100 μm. (E) Expression of chondrocytic and hypertrophic phenotypic proteins (SOX9, COL1A2, COL2A1, and COL10A1), and (F) the corresponding quantitative results (n = 4). GAPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. (G) Western blot images of SOX9, COL1A2, COL2A1, and COL10A1 isolated from cartilage treated with 10 mM Mg2+ for 0, 4, 24, and 72 hours, and (H) the corresponding quantitative results (n = 6). Notes: All data are shown as the means ± SD. Statistical differences between groups were determined by t test and one way analysis of variance (ANOVA). ***P < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001; not significant (ns) P > 0.05.