Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2024 Jan 30;5(1):81–94. doi: 10.1089/neur.2023.0067

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© Denes V. Agoston 2023; Published by Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.

This Open Access article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons License [CC-BY] (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

PMC Copyright notice

FIG. 1. — Onset and extent of major pathobiological changes during the various phases of severe COVID-19 and the hypothesized role of long-COVID/PASC affecting the outcome of TBI. The pathobiological changes identified or suspected during the acute, subacute, and chronic (long-COVID/PASC) phases of COVID-19 are listed. The dashed turquoise line indicates the relative intensity and relative timeline of pathobiologies of COVID-19. The solid turquoise line indicates the relative intensities of pathobiological changes associated with long-COVID/PASC. The solid yellow curve indicates the relative intensity and temporal changes of pathobiologies of TBI on a long-COVID/PASC background. Relevant references are in the text and listed in the references. DAMPs, damage-associated molecular patterns; PASC, post-acute sequelae SARS-CoV-2 infection; TBI, traumatic brain injury.