Table 2.

Pre and post-treatment symptoms presence and their intensity among participants by study groups.

Symptoms	Intervention n (%) n = 103	Placebo n (%) n = 103	p-value±	Intervention Mean ± SD	Placebo Mean ± SD	Adjusted MD 95% CI	p-value
Anal itching				Intensity score (1–5)
Baseline	66 (64%)	61 (59.2%)	0.47	3.14 ± 0.36	3.17 ± 0.61	–	0.927a
End	44 (42.7%	61 (59.2%)	0.032	1.12 ± 0.09	3.10 ± 0.52	−1.98 (−2.2 to −1.8)	0.007b
Pain at rest				Intensity score (1–5)
Baseline	44 (42.7%)	43 (41.7%)	0.112	2.72 ± 0.33	2.53 ± 0.46	–	0.871a
End	34 (33.0%)	71 (68.9%)	0.043	1.32 ± 0.09	2.69 ± 0.32	−1.37 (−1.6 to −1.1)	0.015b
Pain at defecating				Intensity score (1–5)
Baseline	57 (55.4%)	56 (54.3%)	0.888	3.58 ± 0.52	3.16 ± 0.36	–	0.064a
End	44 (42.7%)	63 (61.1%)	0.027	1.23 ± 0.19	3.42 ± 0.51	−2.19 (−2.4 to −2.0)	0.005b
Feeling a lump in anus				Intensity score (1–4)
Baseline	62 (60.2%)	59 (57.2%)	0.669	2.53 ± 0.34	2.55 ± 0.22	–	0.064a
End	58 (56.3%)	60 (58.2%)	0.036	1.72 ± 0.16	2.43 ± 0.29	−0.71 (−1.2 to −0.2)	0.011b
Bleeding in defecating
Baseline	75 (72.8%)	69 (66.9%)	0.357	–	–	–	–
End	43 (41.7%)	69 (66.9%)	0.039	–	–	–	–

Sodergren Hemorrhoid symptom severity scoring system (1–5 or 1–4): from lowest to highest severity.

± Fisher's exact test.

^aIndependent t-test.

^bANCOVA adjusted for baseline status.