Table 1.
Tools and information sources available for medication review and deprescribing
| Tools and information sources | |
|---|---|
| Predictive algorithms | Medication Appropriateness Index (MAI) |
| The Assess, Review, Minimize, Optimize, Reassess tool (ARMOR) | |
| The Good Palliative-Geriatric Practice algorithm | |
| Prescribing Optimization Method | |
| NHS Scotland 7 Steps to Appropriate Polypharmacy: Aim, Need, Need, Effectiveness, Safety, Efficiency, Patient-centred | |
| Need and indication, Open questions, Tests and monitoring, Evidence and guidelines, Adverse events, Risk reduction or prevention, Simplification and switches (NO TEARS) | |
| 5-Step deprescribing framework | |
| The Deprescribing Rainbow | |
| Decision Making for Older Adults With Multiple Chronic Conditions | |
| Drug-specific algorithms | Proton Pump Inhibitor Deprescribing Algorithm |
| Antihyperglycemics Deprescribing Algorithm | |
| Antipsychotic (AP) Deprescribing Algorithm | |
| Benzodiazepine & Z-Drugs (BZRAs) Deprescribing Algorithm | |
| Cholinesterase Inhibitor (ChEI) and Memantine Deprescribing Algorithm | |
| NSW Therapeutic Advisory Committee (TAG) Deprescribing guides | |
| Web Portal Software Anticholinergic Burden Calculator | |
| Criteria or lists of potentially inappropriate medications | Beers Criteria |
| Screening Tool to Alert Doctors to Right Treatments (START) | |
| Screening Tool of Older Persons’ potentially inappropriate Prescriptions (STOPP) | |
| Screening Tool of Older Persons Prescriptions in Frail adults with limited life expectancy (STOPPFrail) | |
| Fit fOR The Aged (FORTA) List | |
| Improved Prescribing in the Elderly Tool (IPET) | |
| PRISCUS list | |
| List of Evidence-baSed depreScribing for CHRONic patients (LESS-CHRON) | |
| The Norwegian General Practice—Nursing Home criteria (NORGEP-NH) | |
| European Union (EU) (7)—Potentially Inappropriate Medications (PIM) list | |
| Questionnaires | Revised Patients’ Attitudes Towards Deprescribing (rPATD) Questionnaire |
| Patient Perceptions of Deprescribing (PPoD) survey | |
| Guidelines | Guidelines for the Management of Multimorbidity and Polypharmacy |
| A practical guide to stopping medicines in older people (Best Practice Journal 2010; 27:10–23) | |
| Palliative and Therapeutic Harmonization Program (PATH) | |
| Medication review web applications | MedStopper (https://medstopper.com/) |
| INTERCheck (https://intercheckweb.marionegri.it/) | |
| Drug-PIN (https://www.drug-pin.com/) | |
| Medicines Complete (https://www.medicinescomplete.com/log-in/) | |
| Interaction checkers | INTERCheck |
| Lexicomp | |
| Micromedex | |
| Drugs.com | |
| Drug-PIN | |
| MedicinesComplete |