Table 2.
Summary of meta-analysis of FGF-23 with each sensitivity analysis.
| Analysis and subgroup analysis | Effect measure | Pooled effect (95% CI) | I2 (%) | n | P value | Analysis model |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Correlation between FGF-23 level and calcification score | Pooled r | 0.446 (0.254–0.611) | 96 | 16 | < 0.0001 | RE |
| CKD only (all severe) | 0.478 (0.254–0.658) | 97 | 14 | < 0.0001 | RE | |
| Suspected CAD only | 0.207 (0.1–0.31) | 0 | 2 | 0.0002 | RE | |
| Cross-sectional only | 0.446 (0.235–0.611) | 96 | 15 | < 0.0001 | RE | |
| Diagnosis by CT | 0.515 (0.245–0.706) | 97 | 11 | 0.0004 | RE | |
| Diagnosis by X ray | 0.282 (0.02–0.508) | 92 | 5 | 0.03 | RE | |
| High quality studies only | 0.254 (0.09–0.405 | 86 | 7 | 0.003 | RE | |
| Correlation between FGF-23 level and CIMT | Pooled r | 0.188 (0.02–0.354) | 87 | 8 | 0.03 | RE |
| Excludes children | 0.245 (0.05–0.414) | 89 | 6 | 0.02 | RE | |
| CKD only | 0.264 (0.05–0.454) | 85 | 6 | 0.02 | RE | |
| Severe CKD only | 0.5 (0.197–0.716) | 86 | 2 | 0.002 | RE | |
| Correlation between FGF-23 level and PWV (all subjects were CKD) | Pooled r | 0.235 (0.159–0.310) | 0 | 5 | < 0.00001 | RE |
| Excludes children | 0.245 (0.159–0.327) | 0 | 4 | < 0.00001 | RE | |
| Severe CKD only | 0.235 (0.1–0.363) | 29 | 3 | 0.0007 | RE | |
| Linear regression for association between FGF-23 level and arterial calcification | Pooled aOR | 1.36 (1.09–1.69) | 80 | 7 | 0.006 | RE |
| CKD only | 1.44 (1.11–1.86) | 83 | 6 | 0.006 | RE | |
| High quality studies only | 1.58 (1.06–2.37) | 82 | 5 | 0.03 | RE | |
| Logistic regression for association between FGF-23 level and arterial calcification | Pooled aOR | 1.22 (1.07–1.39) | 57 | 10 | 0.003 | RE |
| CKD only | 1.21 (1.04–1.41) | 60 | 8 | 0.01 | RE | |
| High quality studies only | 1.23 (1.07–1.42) | 61 | 9 | 0.004 | RE | |
| FGF-23 levels difference between groups with and without arterial calcification | Pooled SMD | 0.6 (0.36–0.84) | 95 | 20 | < 0.00001 | RE |
| CKD only | 0.95 (0.5–1.4) | 96 | 17 | < 0.0001 | RE | |
| Mild to moderate CKD only | 0.33 (0.04–0.62) | 62 | 3 | 0.02 | RE | |
| Severe CKD only | 1.4 (0.64–2.17) | 97 | 12 | 0.0003 | RE | |
| Based on Agatston score | 0.47 (0.22–0.72) | 95 | 14 | 0.0002 | RE | |
| Based on Kauppila index | 1.23 (0.52–1.93) | 91 | 4 | 0.0006 | RE | |
| Coronary only | 0.87 (0.29–1.44) | 96 | 10 | 0.003 | RE | |
| High quality studies only | 0.5 (0.28–0.73) | 95 | 13 | < 0.0001 | RE | |
| FGF-23 levels difference between groups with and without arterial thickness | Pooled SMD | 1.26 (0.36–2.17) | 97 | 4 | 0.006 | RE |
| CKD only | 2.21 (0.5–3.91) | 94 | 2 | 0.01 | RE |
CKD chronic kidney disease, RE random effect, SMD standardized mean difference.