Table 1.
Mean faecal egg counts ± standard deviation (FEC ± SD) pre- and post-treatment, faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) with anthelmintic efficacy percentage, lower and upper 95% uncertainty interval (UI) from SHINY, and percentage of parasite genera from faecal cultures 14 days after drench.
| Farm | Group | n | Mean FEC (±SD) |
% FECRT (UI) | Parasite genera (%) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-treatment | Post-treatment | H | T | C | O | ||||
| 1 |
CON | 11 | 1005 ± 889 | 532 ± 630 | – | 99 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| ALB | 9 | 1167 ± 1129 | 950 ± 1350 | 18 (3; 32) | 94 | 6 | 0 | 0 | |
| IVM | 10 | 1175 ± 1110 | 320 ± 461 | 73 (64; 79) | 91 | 9 | 0 | 0 | |
| LEV | 11 | 1023 ± 1055 | 100 ± 158 | 90 (85; 94) | 99 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| MPT | 11 | 1136 ± 1681 | 1041 ± 1316 | 9 (0; 21) | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| CLO | 10 | 1070 ± 1073 | 85 ± 219 | 92 (87; 95) | 86 | 14 | 0 | 0 | |
| MOX |
11 |
1055 ± 971 |
105 ± 168 |
90 (85; 94) |
95 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
|
| 2 |
CON | 7 | 1036 ± 976 | 2871 ± 3266 | – | 67 | 23 | 5 | 5 |
| ALB | 7 | 1014 ± 741 | 483 ± 759 | 52 (37; 65) | 9 | 49 | 42 | 0 | |
| IVM | 7 | 1036 ± 921 | 179 ± 182 | 83 (74; 89) | 5 | 95 | 0 | 0 | |
| LEV | 7 | 993 ± 828 | 407 ± 374 | 60 (44; 70) | 18 | 82 | 0 | 0 | |
| MPT | 7 | 1271 ± 1429 | 379 ± 651 | 70 (60; 79) | 33 | 0 | 6 | 61 | |
| CLO | 7 | 1671 ± 2514 | 836 ± 485 | 50 (38; 60) | 0 | 77 | 23 | 0 | |
| MOX |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
||
| 3 |
CON | 7 | 3064 ± 3110 | 1957 ± 740 | – | 68 | 17 | 4 | 11 |
| ALB | 7 | 1850 ± 1273 | 7521 ± 7959 | 0 (0; 1) | 96 | 2 | 1 | 1 | |
| IVM | 7 | 3729 ± 3398 | 4650 ± 3845 | 0 (0; 4) | 95 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
| LEV | 7 | 4707 ± 8576 | 11,336 ± 24,779 | 0 (0; 1) | 89 | 10 | 1 | 0 | |
| MPT | 7 | 5564 ± 7024 | 1443 ± 1674 | 74 (70; 78) | 45 | 0 | 1 | 54 | |
| CLO | 7 | 3821 ± 4142 | 2171 ± 2410 | 43 (34; 50) | 83 | 15 | 1 | 1 | |
| MOX |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
||
| 4 |
CON | 8 | 1938 ± 1886 | 3131 ± 3031 | – | 96 | 4 | 0 | 0 |
| ALB | 8 | 1831 ± 1884 | 9913 ± 9539 | 0 (0; 0) | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| IVM | 8 | 1800 ± 2969 | 4638 ± 3590 | 0 (0; 1) | 93 | 7 | 0 | 0 | |
| LEV | 8 | 2250 ± 3199 | 3156 ± 2340 | 0 (0; 4) | 48 | 52 | 0 | 0 | |
| MPT | 8 | 1894 ± 3150 | 956 ± 1261 | 48 (39; 58) | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| CLO | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | ||
| MOX |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
||
| 5 |
CON | 7 | 4471 ± 4895 | 2843 ± 3339 | – | 59 | 18 | 5 | 18 |
| ALB | 7 | 7279 ± 12,832 | 1507 ± 1864 | 79 (76; 82) | 92 | 5 | 3 | 0 | |
| IVM | 7 | 7321 ± 11,111 | 8579 ± 16,023 | 0 (0; 3) | 78 | 21 | 1 | 0 | |
| LEV | 7 | 8714 ± 16,610 | 1829 ± 1988 | 79 (76; 82) | 89 | 11 | 0 | 0 | |
| MPT | 7 | 6571 ± 9391 | 950 ± 1281 | 86 (83; 88) | 90 | 0 | 5 | 5 | |
| CLO | 7 | 6129 ± 8493 | 2950 ± 4399 | 52 (45; 57) | 85 | 9 | 3 | 3 | |
| MOX |
7 |
6100 ± 8499 |
5121 ± 7481 |
15 (7; 24) |
93 |
1 |
6 |
0 |
|
| 6 |
CON | 8 | 2059 ± 1870 | 3125 ± 4903 | – | 91 | 7 | 0 | 2 |
| ALB | 9 | 3322 ± 5501 | 2061 ± 2791 | 38 (30; 46) | 97 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
| IVM | 9 | 3017 ± 2994 | 2772 ± 2512 | 9 (0; 17) | 95 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
| LEV | 9 | 2656 ± 3910 | 2356 ± 1811 | 11 (1; 21) | 87 | 13 | 0 | 0 | |
| MPT | 9 | 2306 ± 2219 | 0 ± 0 | 100 (99; 100) | 9 | 0 | 0 | 91 | |
| CLO | 9 | 2117 ± 2729 | 300 ± 412 | 86 (81; 89) | 2 | 98 | 0 | 0 | |
| MOX |
9 |
2356 ± 2354 |
7294 ± 9892 |
0 (0; 1) |
90 |
10 |
0 |
0 |
|
| 7 |
CON | 7 | 1436 ± 1212 | 6971 ± 12,888 | – | 59 | 40 | 1 | 0 |
| ALB | 7 | 1307 ± 924 | 814 ± 742 | 37 (21; 51) | 47 | 53 | 0 | 0 | |
| IVM | 7 | 2057 ± 2823 | 636 ± 445 | 70 (61; 76) | 46 | 51 | 3 | 0 | |
| LEV | 7 | 2436 ± 3895 | 2279 ± 1960 | 6 (0; 18) | 65 | 35 | 0 | 0 | |
| MPT | 7 | 1871 ± 2103 | 343 ± 609 | 81 (75; 87) | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| CLO | 6 | 1975 ± 1810 | 2092 ± 943 | 1 (0; 13) | 54 | 46 | 0 | 0 | |
| MOX |
7 |
1750 ± 1632 |
1314 ± 1818 |
24 (10; 37) |
57 |
42 |
1 |
0 |
|
| 8 |
CON | 9 | 6356 ± 6540 | 5778 ± 7481 | – | 81 | 5 | 11 | 3 |
| ALB | 9 | 6711 ± 6671 | 2938 ± 3479 | 50 (43; 54) | 73 | 19 | 8 | 0 | |
| IVM | 9 | 7050 ± 7567 | 3956 ± 3025 | 44 (38; 48) | 90 | 10 | 0 | 0 | |
| LEV | 9 | 6461 ± 6925 | 2578 ± 2787 | 60 (56; 64) | 88 | 12 | 0 | 0 | |
| MPT | 9 | 7622 ± 10,151 | 344 ± 366 | 95 (94; 97) | 88 | 0 | 0 | 12 | |
| CLO | 8 | 8013 ± 11,040 | 844 ± 1004 | 89 (87; 91) | 8 | 27 | 64 | 1 | |
| MOX |
8 |
6850 ± 8565 |
7175 ± 9569 |
0 (0; 5) |
78 |
22 |
0 |
0 |
|
| 9 |
CON | 8 | 1538 ± 897 | 2800 ± 3831 | – | 71 | 29 | 0 | 0 |
| ALB | 8 | 1719 ± 1759 | 944 ± 842 | 44 (33; 55) | 83 | 16 | 1 | 0 | |
| IVM | 8 | 1700 ± 1448 | 381 ± 287 | 78 (70; 83) | 88 | 11 | 0 | 0 | |
| LEV | 8 | 1756 ± 1503 | 656 ± 577 | 63 (53; 70) | 66 | 34 | 0 | 0 | |
| MPT | 8 | 1656 ± 1322 | 113 ± 171 | 93 (89; 96) | 2 | 0 | 0 | 98 | |
| CLO | 8 | 1750 ± 1115 | 500 ± 255 | 72 (64; 78) | 16 | 67 | 3 | 14 | |
| MOX |
8 |
1625 ± 1091 |
1388 ± 1183 |
13 (1; 27) |
48 |
52 |
0 |
0 |
|
| 10 |
CON | 8 | 2413 ± 2488 | 4519 ± 3540 | – | 9 | 88 | 0 | 3 |
| ALB | 8 | 2025 ± 2257 | 3163 ± 3434 | 0 (0; 3) | 7 | 93 | 0 | 0 | |
| IVM | 8 | 2150 ± 2249 | 4971 ± 2613 | 0 (0; 1) | 2 | 98 | 0 | 0 | |
| LEV | 8 | 2138 ± 2293 | 1000 ± 2259 | 54 (43; 61) | 12 | 88 | 0 | 0 | |
| MPT | 8 | 2150 ± 2175 | 469 ± 688 | 78 (72; 83) | 90 | 0 | 0 | 10 | |
| CLO | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | ||
| MOX |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
||
| 11 |
CON | 8 | 1819 ± 1523 | 1244 ± 1210 | – | 99 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| ALB | 8 | 1788 ± 1848 | 1044 ± 936 | 41 (29; 52) | 91 | 9 | 0 | 0 | |
| IVM | 8 | 1775 ± 1606 | 1681 ± 2117 | 6 (0; 18) | 94 | 6 | 0 | 0 | |
| LEV | 8 | 1775 ± 1842 | 706 ± 892 | 60 (51; 68) | 95 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
| MPT | 8 | 1719 ± 1509 | 6 ± 18 | 99 (98; 100) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| CLO | 8 | 1700 ± 1439 | 319 ± 340 | 81 (75; 86) | 39 | 61 | 0 | 0 | |
| MOX |
8 |
1700 ± 1389 |
1650 ± 1150 |
3 (0; 17) |
91 |
9 |
0 |
0 |
|
| 12 |
CON | 8 | 1156 ± 1025 | 1093 ± 465 | – | 34 | 13 | 53 | 0 |
| ALB | 8 | 1238 ± 1302 | 514 ± 400 | 62 (51; 72) | 46 | 15 | 39 | 0 | |
| IVM | 8 | 1225 ± 1143 | 250 ± 431 | 74 (64; 83) | 90 | 10 | 0 | 0 | |
| LEV | 8 | 1206 ± 1275 | 100 ± 171 | 89 (81; 94) | 73 | 9 | 18 | 0 | |
| MPT | 8 | 1200 ± 1065 | 263 ± 320 | 78 (70; 84) | 44 | 0 | 1 | 55 | |
| CLO | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | ||
| MOX |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
||
| 13 |
CON | 8 | 969 ± 703 | 888 ± 640 | – | 71 | 29 | 0 | 0 |
| ALB | 8 | 1131 ± 1265 | 263 ± 169 | 77 (68; 84) | 76 | 24 | 0 | 0 | |
| IVM | 8 | 1013 ± 930 | 788 ± 650 | 22 (3; 37) | 95 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
| LEV | 8 | 994 ± 956 | 1213 ± 1777 | 1 (0; 11) | 92 | 8 | 0 | 0 | |
| MPT | 8 | 1025 ± 881 | 56 ± 68 | 95 (90; 97) | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| CLO | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | ||
| MOX |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
||
| 14 |
CON | 8 | 1888 ± 1603 | 1594 ± 1240 | – | 68 | 17 | 0 | 15 |
| ALB | 8 | 1706 ± 1259 | 1056 ± 582 | 38 (25; 49) | 98 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| IVM | 8 | 1831 ± 1880 | 1681 ± 1973 | 8 (0; 2) | 99 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| LEV | 8 | 1800 ± 2623 | 556 ± 457 | 69 (61; 76) | 89 | 11 | 0 | 0 | |
| MPT | 8 | 1844 ± 1854 | 456 ± 323 | 75 (68; 81) | 88 | 0 | 0 | 12 | |
| CLO | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | ||
| MOX |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
||
| 15 | CON | 7 | 5250 ± 4270 | 1643 ± 1813 | – | 99 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| ALB | 7 | 5336 ± 5569 | 1721 ± 2198 | 68 (63; 72) | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| IVM | 7 | 4957 ± 5621 | 2571 ± 3861 | 47 (41; 54) | 99 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| LEV | 7 | 5564 ± 5815 | 1536 ± 2912 | 72 (68; 76) | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| MPT | 7 | 5221 ± 4702 | 36 ± 38 | 99 (99; 100) | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| CLO | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | ||
| MOX | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | ||
n: number of animals; H: Haemonchus spp.; T: Trichostrongylus spp.; C: Cooperia spp.; O: Oesophagostomum spp.; CON: control; ALB: albendazole; IVM: ivermectin; LEV: levamisole; MPT: monepantel; CLO: closantel; MOX: moxidectin; -: not evaluated and *: insufficient number of animals for these groups.