Table 1.
Baseline criteria of the two groups before PSM
| Group A | Group B | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Patients, n | 158 | 198 | |
| Genderb | |||
| Male | 104 (66%) | 129 (65%) | 0.895 |
| Female | 54 (34%) | 69 (35%) | |
| Age median (min–max)a | 52 (20–80) | 51 (21–81) | 0.735 |
| BMI (kg/m2)a | 24.8 ± 2.5 | 24.6 ± 2.3 | 0.312 |
| Symptom | |||
| Lumbagob | 108 (68.3%) | 140 (70.7%) | 0.631 |
| Symptomlessb | 44 (27.8%) | 52 (26.3%) | 0.738 |
| Pyrexiab | 15 (9.5%) | 20 (10.1%) | 0.848 |
| Vomitingb | 28 (17.7%) | 44 (22.2%) | 0.294 |
| Hematuriab | 18 (11.4%) | 21 (10.6%) | 0.797 |
| Treatment history | |||
| ESWLb | 12 (7.6%) | 14 (7.1%) | 0.850 |
| Ureteroscopic lithotripsyb | 12 (7.6%) | 13 (6.6%) | 0.706 |
| Percutaneous nephrolithotomyb | 17 (10.7%) | 17 (8.6%) | 0.488 |
| Past history | |||
| Hypertensionb | 44 (27.8%) | 54 (27.3%) | 0.904 |
| Diabetesb | 14 (8.8%) | 16 (8.1%) | 0.792 |
| Degree of hydronephrosisb | |||
| No | 41 (25.9%) | 56 (28.3%) | 0.931 |
| Mild | 57 (36.1%) | 71 (35.8%) | |
| Moderate | 50 (31.6%) | 60 (30.3%) | |
| Severe | 10 (6.3%) | 11 (5.6%) | |
| Urinary leucocyteb | |||
| No | 38 (24.1%) | 44 (22.2%) | 0.559 |
| Possible | 33 (20.9%) | 51 (25.8%) | |
| Yes | 87 (55.0%) | 103 (52.0%) | |
| Urinary nitriteb | 14 (8.8%) | 16 (8.1%) | 0.792 |
| Urine cultureb | 22 (13.9%) | 32 (16.2%) | 0.545 |
| E. coli | 10 | 14 | |
| Enterococcus | 4 | 5 | |
| Proteus mirabilis | 2 | 2 | |
| Other | 6 | 11 | |
| Stone size (mm)a | 23.6 ± 8.9 | 25.7 ± 8.4 | 0.001 |
| Operation siteb | |||
| Left | 82 (51.9%) | 100 (50.5%) | 0.794 |
| Right | 76 (48.1%) | 98 (49.5%) | |
| Stone location | |||
| Ureteric stoneb | 26 (16.5%) | 29 (14.6%) | 0.621 |
| Renal and ureteric stoneb | 28 (17.7%) | 30 (15.2%) | 0.986 |
| Renal stoneb | 89 (56.3%) | 120 (60.6%) | 0.586 |
| Staghorn stoneb | 15 (9.5%) | 19 (9.6%) | 0.953 |
aNonnormally distributed variable data analysed with the Mann‒Whitney U test
bCategorical variable data analysed with the chi-square test