Table 3.
High-risk fertility behaviour with background characteristics among urban ever-married women aged 15–49 years, NFHS-5 (2019–21), India
| Characteristics | Any risk | Single risk | Multiple risk |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal Age | |||
| 15–24 | 21.8 | 20.8 | 1.0 |
| 25–34 | 19.1 | 16.7 | 2.4 |
| 35–49 | 59.5 | 42.7 | 16.8 |
| Maternal education | |||
| No education | 46.9 | 33.8 | 13.1 |
| Primary | 35.2 | 28.8 | 6.4 |
| Secondary | 22.4 | 20.1 | 2.3 |
| Higher | 12.4 | 11.9 | 0.5 |
| Household member | |||
| 1–4 Members | 16.7 | 16.0 | 0.7 |
| 5–6 Members | 24.3 | 21.1 | 3.3 |
| 7 + Members | 29.4 | 23.3 | 6.1 |
| Caste | |||
| Schedule Caste | 26.2 | 22.7 | 3.6 |
| Schedule Tribe | 26.6 | 21.9 | 4.6 |
| Other Backward Class | 23.1 | 20.0 | 3.1 |
| Others | 22.9 | 19.3 | 3.6 |
| Religion | |||
| Hindu | 21.3 | 18.7 | 2.6 |
| Muslim | 32.6 | 26.1 | 6.6 |
| Christian | 23.4 | 21.0 | 2.4 |
| Others | 17.8 | 16.5 | 1.3 |
| Wealth Status | |||
| Poor | 39.2 | 29.5 | 9.8 |
| Middle | 29.7 | 25.4 | 4.4 |
| Rich | 19.0 | 17.1 | 1.9 |
| Region | |||
| North | 22.7 | 19.9 | 2.9 |
| Central | 27.6 | 22.6 | 5.0 |
| East | 26.9 | 22.3 | 4.5 |
| North-east | 21.7 | 17.7 | 4.0 |
| West | 22.7 | 19.3 | 3.4 |
| South | 19.6 | 18.0 | 1.6 |
| Maternal BMI | |||
| Underweight | 24.5 | 20.7 | 3.9 |
| Normal | 24.1 | 20.7 | 3.4 |
| Overweight | 22.4 | 19.2 | 3.2 |
| Obese | 23.0 | 19.4 | 3.7 |
| Women's height | |||
| < 145 cm | 30.3 | 24.9 | 5.4 |
| > 145 cm | 22.9 | 19.7 | 3.2 |
| Delivery Type | |||
| Vaginal | 27.3 | 22.8 | 4.5 |
| C-section | 16.1 | 14.9 | 1.2 |
| Contraceptive use | |||
| Not using | 22.0 | 18.9 | 3.1 |
| Modern methods | 24.6 | 21.2 | 3.4 |
| Traditional methods | 25.1 | 20.6 | 4.5 |
| Total | 23.7 | 20.3 | 3.4 |