Table 1.
Case | Age | Sex | Subtypes of GBS | Clinical features of SS | Treatment | Outcome |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
19 | 40 | Female | NA | Positive ANA and anti-SSA/SSB, ultrasound of the parotid glands revealed nonhomogenous glandular tissue | IVIG and GC | Recovery |
210 | 63 | Female | AMSAN | Positive ANA and anti-SSA/SSB, keratoconjunctivitis sicca, corneal ulcers with severe superficial punctate keratitis, | IVIG and GC | Recovery |
311 | 41 | Female | Demyelinating sensorimotor polyradiculoneuropathy | Fatigue, polyarthralgia, recurrent oral ulcers, difficulty in swallowing food, anaemia, severe leucopenia, positive ANA, early loss of dentures, no uptake in parotid scintigraphy, positive Schirmer’s test ,and lymphocytic infiltration of minor salivary glands | TPE and GC | Recovery |
412 | 82 | Female | AIDP | Positive anti-SSA and anti-SSB antibodies, dry eyes and mouth. Abnormal findings from parotid scintigraphy, minor salivary gland biopsy, and Schirmer’s test were compatible with SS | TPE, IVIG, and HCQ | Recovery |
513 | 26 | Male | AMAN | Positive ANA and anti-SSA antibodies, biopsy of small salivary glands was consistent with SS | TPE and IVIG | Recovery |
614 | 57 | Male | Acute motor dominant demyelinating and axonal neuropathy, and could not classify neuropathy into either AMAN or AIDP | Xerostomia, xerophthalmia, positive anti-SSA antibody, positive results of Schirmer’s test and a salivary gland biopsy | IVIG and GC | Improved |
715 | 67 | Female | Acute pure motor neuropathy, which is similar to axonal type GBS | Xerostomia, xerophthalmia, positive ANA and anti-SSA antibody, positive results of Schirmer’s test and a salivary gland biopsy, salivary scintigraphy revealed strong dysfunction. A sialogram of the parotid gland revealed punctate collections of contrast medium (more than 1 mm) | IVIG and GC | Improved |
816 | 42 | Female | AMSAN | Xerostomia, xerophthalmia, positive anti-SSA antibody, abnormal salivary scintigraphy, positive results of Schirmer’s test and a salivary gland biopsy | IVIG, GC, and HCQ | Improved |
917 | 40 | Female | Acute GBS* | NA | TPE, AZA after pulse CYC | Recovery |
1017 | 39 | Female | Acute GBS* | NA | TPE, AZA and GC after pulse CYC | Recovery |
1117 | 64 | Female | Acute GBS* | NA | IVIG, GC, and HCQ | Recovery |
*Of 3 patients with acute GBS, 2 patients had acute demyelinating type, and 1 was with motor axonal-type polyradiculoneuritis.
TPE therapeutic plasma exchange, IVIG intravenous immunoglobulin, AZA azathioprine, CYC cyclophosphamide, GC glucocorticoid, HCQ hydroxychloroquine.