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. 2024 Mar 11;15:2171. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-46382-w

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 7 — a | Energy of harmonic modes is significantly increased in the macaque brain under deep (but not light) anaesthesia, whether induced by sevoflurane, propofol, or the dissociative anaesthetic ketamine. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001 from linear mixed effects modelling (two-sided, FDR-corrected), compared against Awake condition. N = 24 runs from 3 animals for Awake; 18 runs from 3 animals for Light Sevoflurane; 21 runs from 3 animals for Light Propofol; 11 runs from 2 animals for Deep Sevoflurane; 23 runs from 3 animals for Deep Propofol; 22 runs from 3 animals for Ketamine anaesthesia. b | Effect of thalamic deep-brain stimulation on the energy of harmonic modes during anaesthesia; ***p < 0.001 from linear mixed effects modelling (two-sided, FDR-corrected), compared against no-stimulation (“off”) condition during anaesthesia. N = 36 runs from 3 animals for Awake; 28 runs from 2 animals for anaesthesia (DBS-off); 31 runs from 2 animals for low amplitude centro-median thalamic DBS; 25 runs from 2 animals for high amplitude centro-median thalamic DBS; 18 runs from 1 animal for low amplitude ventro-lateral thalamic DBS; 18 runs from 1 animal for high amplitude ventro-lateral thalamic DBS. Box plots: central line, median; box limits, upper and lower quartiles; whiskers, 1.5× interquartile range; within each panel, dots of the same colour are provided by the same animal. See Supplementary Data 23 and Supplementary Data 24 for full statistical results.