TABLE 1.
Effect of environmental toxicants on male reproduction.
| Toxicant | Toxic effect | Animal model | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2,2-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichloroethylene (DDE) | Impairment of mitochondrial function in the testis | Rat (in vivo) | Mota et al. (2011) |
| Bisphenol A (BPA) | Deformation of seminiferous tubules, apoptosis in testes, and decreased spermatozoa in offspring | In vivo experiments in mice | Wei et al. (2019) |
| Diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) | Reduced quality parameters | Dog (in vivo) | Lea et al. (2016) |
| Polychlorinated biphenyl 153 (PCB 153) | Influenced sperm quality index | Dog (in vivo) | Lea et al. (2016) |
| 1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP) | ROS inducer, reduced germ cell viability, and eventually, sperm production | Human (in vitro) | Easley IV et al. (2015) |
| 2-Bromopropane (2-BP) | Overwhelmed ROS, apoptosis of germ cells, and minimized sperm viability | Human (in vitro) | Easley IV et al. (2015) |
| Phthalate mixtures | Prenatal exposure altered the testicular steroidogenic gene | Mice (in vivo) | Barakat et al. (2019) |