Table 1.
Demography and clinical characteristics of the patients
| Parameters | n (%) |
|---|---|
| Age in years (mean ± SD) | 34 ± 11.67 |
| Gender | |
| Male | 167 (81.86%) |
| Female | 37 (18.14%) |
| Comorbid conditions | |
| Hypertension | 2 (0.98%) |
| Diabetes | 1 (0.49%) |
| Asthma | 1 (0.49%) |
| Liver disease | 2 (0.98%) |
| Severity | |
| Mild (GCS 14–15) | 58 (28.43%) |
| Moderate (GCS 9–13) | 48 (23.53%) |
| Severe (GCS 3–8) | 98 (48.04%) |
| CT scan findings | |
| Extradural lesion | 36 (17.65%) |
| Subdural lesion | 81 (39.71%) |
| Parenchymal laceration or contusion | 108 (52.94%) |
| Blood in subarachnoid and intraventricular spaces | 52 (25.49%) |
| Skull vault fractures | 60 (29.41%) |
| Rotterdam CT grade | |
| Grade I | 26 (12.75%) |
| Grade II | 58 (28.43%) |
| Grade III | 95 (46.57%) |
| Grade IV | 19 (9.31%) |
| Grade V | 5 (2.45%) |
| Grade VI | 1 (0.49%) |
| Treatment | |
| Operated | 123 (60.29%) |
| Conservatively managed | 81 (39.71%) |
| Complications | |
| CNS | 42 (20.59%) |
| CVS | 13 (6.37%) |
| Respiratory | 38 (18.63%) |
| Metabolic and electrolyte abnormalities | 13 (6.37%) |
| Infectious complications and others | 56 (27.45%) |
| Tracheostomized | 74 (36.27%) |
| Duration of ICU stay in days (Mean ± SD) | 9.6 ± 7.10 |
| Duration of hospital stay in days (Mean ± SD) | 19.1 ± 17 |
| Mortality | |
| In-hospital mortality | 46 (22.55%) |
| Mortality after discharge | 4 (1.96%) |
| GOSE at discharge | |
| Good outcome (5–8) | 61 (29.90%) |
| Poor outcome (1–4) | 143 (70.10%) |
| GOSE at 3 months | |
| Good outcome (5–8) | 113 (55.39%) |
| Poor outcome (1–4) | 91 (44.61%) |
CNS, central nervous system; CT scan, computerized tomography scan; CVS; cardiovascular system; GCS; Glasgow coma scale; GOSE, Extended Glasgow outcome score; Rotterdam CT grade, Rotterdam computerized tomography grade