Table 3.
Risk of Mortality in Patients With CHD and DS Compared With Patients With CHD Without DS and Compared With Matched Controls, Overall and According to Sex, Birth Period, Complexity of Lesion, and Age Intervals
| HR for mortality in patients with CHD‐DS | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Patients with CHD without DS as a reference | 95% CI | Controls without CHD or DS as a reference | 95% CI |
| All | 2.12 | 1.94–2.31 | 25.11 | 21.35–29.54 |
| Male sex | 1.87 | 1.65–2.12 | 21.56 | 17.29–26.88 |
| Female sex | 2.42 | 2.14–2.74 | 29.81 | 23.42–37.94 |
| Birth period | ||||
| 1970–1989 | 2.09 | 1.88–2.33 | 28.29 | 22.95–34.86 |
| 1990–2017 | 1.72 | 1.48–2.00 | 19.68 | 15.17–25.52 |
| Lesion complexity | ||||
| Complex | 0.80 | 0.72–0.89 | 32.28 | 26.14–39.87 |
| Noncomplex | 1.85 | 1.59–2.15 | 17.27 | 13.34–22.35 |
| Age group, y | ||||
| 0–0.9 | 1.35 | 1.19–1.53 | 26.91 | 20.81–34.79 |
| 1–9 | 4.70 | 4.01–5.50 | 55.64 | 37.86–81.77 |
| 10–17 | 2.71 | 1.89–3.88 | 44.19 | 19.59–99.69 |
| ≥18 | 3.28 | 2.61–4.13 | 10.43 | 7.72–14.10 |
CHD indicates congenital heart disease; DS, Down syndrome; and HR, hazard ratio.