Table 2.
Patient Characteristics, CPR Sequence Performed, and Key Time Intervals for Patients Who Received CPR Stratified By Age
| <1 year (n=65) | 1–8 years (n=22) | 9–17 years (n=22) | All T‐CPR cases (n=109) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Utstein characteristics | ||||
| Female sex, % (n) | 46% (30) | 50% (11) | 41% (9) | 46% (50) |
| Witnessed, % (n) | 17% (11) | 27% (6) | 41% (9) | 24% (26) |
| ≥2 bystanders present, % (n) | 69% (45) | 55% (12) | 86% (19) | 70% (76) |
| Home location, % (n) | 97% (63) | 91% (20) | 77% (17) | 92% (100) |
| Noncardiac cause, % (n) | 71% (46) | 77% (17) | 59% (13) | 70% (76) |
| First unit response interval in minutes, median (IQR) | 4.48 (3.83–5.13) | 4.35 (4.00–4.82) | 4.48 (3.47–5.67) | 4.47 (3.83–5.13) |
| Initial rhythm shockable, %, (n) | 2% (1) | 9% (2) | 18% (4) | 6% (7) |
| Public access defibrillator used, %, (n) | 3% (2) | 9% (2) | 9% (2) | 6% (6) |
| Status at end of emergency medical services care, %, (n) | ||||
| Died in field | 75% (49) | 41% (9) | 41% (9) | 61% (67) |
| Ongoing CPR | 14% (9) | 32% (7) | 5% (1) | 16% (17) |
| Alive at emergency department arrival | 11% (7) | 27% (6) | 55% (12) | 23% (25) |
| Outcomes at hospital discharge, % (n) | ||||
| Survived | 5% (3) | 14% (3) | 27% (6) | 11% (12) |
| Cerebral Performance Category 1–2 | 5% (3) | 9% (2) | 23% (5) | 10% (11) |
| CPR sequence performed | ||||
| CAB | 77% (50) | 50% (11) | 5% (1) | 57% (62) |
| ABC | 22% (14) | 36% (8) | … | 20% (22) |
| Compressions only | 2% (1) | 14% (3) | 95% (21) | 23% (25) |
| Time intervals to first CPR intervention* in seconds, median (IQR) | ||||
| Start of call to intervention | 109 (87–146) | 123 (99–168) | 149 (103–195) | 115 (94–162) |
| Start of assessment to intervention | 81 (64–103) | 88 (68–140) | 112 (69–186) | 85 (64–125) |
| Recognition of arrest to intervention | 58 (41–79) | 64 (36–74) | 68 (44–106) | 58 (41–81) |
| Time interval from start of call to first compression in seconds, median (IQR) | ||||
| CAB | 109 (85–142) | 111 (91–160) | 186† | 110 (91–144) |
| ABC | 148 (115–254) | 174 (134–212) | … | 155 (121–224) |
| Compression only | 220* | 140 (114–256) | 142 (113–195) | 142 (114–219) |
| Time interval from start of call to first ventilation in seconds median (IQR) | ||||
| CAB | 158 (133–186) | 175 (138–186) | 234† | 161 (135–186) |
| ABC | 120 (96–206) | 124 (106–174) | … | 123 (99–206) |
ABC indicates airway‐breathing‐compression CPR sequence; CAB, compression‐airway‐breathing CPR sequence; CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation; IQR, interquartile range; and T‐CPR, telecommunicator cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
*
First CPR intervention is the first ventilation or compression, whichever occurred first.
†
IQR not reported for single observations.