Table 1. Summary of reviews on sleep disorders in cerebral palsy.

Study design	Sample	Results	Type of sleep disorder	Reference
Systematic review and meta-analysis	23 cross-sectional studies with samples ranging from 50 to 675 children	15.5% had sleep breathing disorders; 14.6% had disorders of excessive somnolence; and 34.9% had sleep hyperhidrosis	Parasomnias; insomnia; restless leg syndrome	Horwood et al. 9
Systematic review	66 studies	Delayed sleep phase syndrome; impaired sleep maintenance	Obstructive sleep apnea	Galland et al. 36
Integrative review	1,385 individuals in the totality of studies	50% had sleep-disordered breathing; 50% had nightmares; 12.5% regularly talked in their sleep; and 62.5% had excessive daytime	Restless leg syndrome; obstructive sleep apnea; sleep bruxism; insomnia	Lélis et al. 7
Systematic review	40 international medical data studies	62.5% had difficulty in the initiation of sleep; 55% had bedtime resistance; and 57.5% had night-waking	Insomnia	Rigney et al. 47
Systematic review based on 2 randomized clinical trials	21 children	Not available	Obstructive sleep apnea	Blake et al. 30
Literature review	Not available	50% had sleep-disorderd breathing; and 50% had nightmares	Insomnia; sleep bruxism	Dutt et al. 21